| 线粒体动力学平衡对心脏结构与功能的影响 |
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| 引用本文： | 崔云丽,宋小超,陈玲丽,葛亚明,宁红梅,胡东方.线粒体动力学平衡对心脏结构与功能的影响[J].中国畜牧兽医,2020,47(3):722-728. |
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| 作者姓名： | 崔云丽 宋小超 陈玲丽 葛亚明 宁红梅 胡东方 |
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| 作者单位： | 河南科技学院动物科技学院, 新乡 453003 |
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| 基金项目： | 河南省科技攻关项目（172102110026）；河南省重点研发与推广专项（科技攻关）（192102110080）；河南省自然科学基金（182300410049） |
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| 摘 要： | 心脏是一个高耗能、高耗氧的器官，其正常收缩及电信号的正常传导也需大量能量供应，因此心肌细胞含有大量线粒体。正常生理状态下，线粒体在细胞内的数量、形态和功能是相对稳定的。当机体内细胞能量产生不足或两个独立的线粒体存在不同的缺陷时，线粒体会受到Mfn1/2和OPA1的调控而发生融合，发生融合后线粒体基质含量相互混合形成一个功能完善的新的线粒体，此过程即为线粒体融合。为维持线粒体DNA及线粒体膜电位的稳定，线粒体受到Drp1及其受体的调控而发生分裂，分裂可使受损的线粒体DNA及去极化的线粒体膜在分裂时聚集到一个子线粒体中，并通过泛素化-蛋白酶系统或自噬作用消除，从而维持线粒体的正常功能。线粒体融合与分裂是一个连续波动的过程，被认为是维持线粒体和细胞正常功能和形态的关键过程。近年来研究发现，心肌细胞线粒体的融合与分裂失衡会引起自身形态和功能的紊乱，进而损害心脏结构和功能。因此，维持心肌细胞的稳态需要线粒体分裂和融合之间的动态平衡，而维持线粒体的动态平衡则需要介导线粒体融合与分裂相关的动力蛋白。作者对参与线粒体融合及分裂过程的关键蛋白的功能进行了综述，同时讨论了线粒体动力学平衡对心脏结构与功能的影响，以期为后期的研究提供一定理论参考。
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| 关 键 词： | 心脏 线粒体 线粒体动力学 融合 分裂 |
| 收稿时间： | 2019-09-16 |
Effects of Mitochondrial Dynamics Balance on Cardiac Structure and Function |
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| CUI Yunli,SONG Xiaochao,CHEN Lingli,GE Yaming,NING Hongmei,HU Dongfang.Effects of Mitochondrial Dynamics Balance on Cardiac Structure and Function[J].China Animal Husbandry & Veterinary Medicine,2020,47(3):722-728. |
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| Authors: | CUI Yunli SONG Xiaochao CHEN Lingli GE Yaming NING Hongmei HU Dongfang |
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| Institution: | College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang 453003, China |
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| Abstract: | The heart is an organ that consumes a lot of energy and oxygen,its normal contraction and normal transmission of electrical signals also need a lot of energy supply,so cardiomyocytes contain a large number of mitochondria.Under normal physiological conditions,the number,morphology and function of mitochondria in cells are relatively stable.When the energy production of cells in the body is insufficient or there are different defects in two independent mitochondria,the mitochondria will fuse under the regulation of Mfn1/2 and OPA1.After fusion,the content of mitochondrial matrix mixes with each other to form a new mitochondrion with perfect function,which is called mitochondrial fusion.In order to maintain the stability of mitochondrial DNA and mitochondrial membrane potential,mitochondria divide under the regulation of Drp1 and its receptors.Division can make damaged mitochondrial DNA and depolarized mitochondrial membrane aggregate into one daughter mitochondrion during division.And it can be eliminated by ubiquitination protease system or autophagy to maintain the normal function of mitochondria.Mitochondrial fusion and division is a continuous fluctuating process,which has been considered to be the key process to maintain the normal function and morphology of mitochondria and cells.In recent years,it has been found that the imbalance of mitochondrial fusion and division in cardiomyocytes will lead to the disorder of their own morphology and function,and then damage the structure and function of the heart.Therefore,maintaining the homeostasis of cardiomyocytes requires the dynamic balance between mitochondrial division and fusion,while maintaining the dynamic balance of mitochondria needs to mediate mitochondrial fusion and division related dynamic proteins.In this paper,the functions of key proteins involved in mitochondrial fusion and division were reviewed,and the effects of mitochondrial dynamic balance on cardiac structure and function were discussed,which would provide a theoretical basis for later research. |
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| Keywords: | cardiac mitochondrial mitochondrial dynamics fusion division |
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