| 缓释氮肥对小麦后直播棉产量及氮素吸收利用的影响 |
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| 引用本文： | 徐景丽,李亚兵,胡大鹏,周明园,梁潘潘,吴慧敏,张祥,陈源,陈德华.缓释氮肥对小麦后直播棉产量及氮素吸收利用的影响[J].棉花学报,2020,32(1):42-51. |
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| 作者姓名： | 徐景丽 李亚兵 胡大鹏 周明园 梁潘潘 吴慧敏 张祥 陈源 陈德华 |
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| 作者单位： | 扬州大学江苏省作物遗传生理重点实验室;中国农业科学院棉花研究所/棉花生物学国家重点实验室 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家重点研发计划(2018YFD0100400;2017YFD0201300);国家现代农业产业技术体系棉花体系岗位专家项目(CARS-18-17);江苏省高等教育优势学科发展计划(PAPD)。 |
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| 摘 要： | 【目的】研究缓释氮肥运筹对小麦后直播棉产量及氮素吸收利用的影响。【方法】2016―2017年以短季棉品种中棉所50为材料,采用小麦后直播的种植方式,设3个缓释肥氮素用量:45、90和135 kg·hm-2,2个施用时期分别为2叶期和4叶期。以常规氮肥尿素(纯氮90 kg·hm-2,CK1)和不施肥为对照(CK2)。【结果】缓释肥氮素90 kg·hm-2,并于2叶、4叶期施用产量较高,其中2017年籽棉产量显著高于其它处理,分别达4198.7和4037.8 kg·hm-2,比对照CK2分别高517.2和356.3 kg·hm-2,干物质积累量也表现为缓释肥氮素用量90 kg·hm-2于2叶、4叶期施用较高,其中2017年分别达到14090.5 kg·hm-2、13564.5 kg·hm-2,分别比对照CK2高12.6%和8.4%。氮素积累量表现相似的结果。氮素利用效率结果进一步表明,2叶期施缓释肥氮素用量45 kg·hm-2的处理氮素回收利用率(NARE)、氮素农学利用率(NAE)及氮素生理利用率(NPE)都最高,2叶期施缓释肥氮素用量90 kg·hm-2的处理其次,如2017年2叶期施缓释肥氮用量45 kg·hm-2处理的上述3个氮素利用效率分别为75.62%、23.68%、77.26%,施缓释肥氮素用量90 kg·hm-2处理则分别为60.9%、19.9%、46.6%,而对照CK2仅为53.79%、14.12%、40.91%。【结论】小麦后直播棉在2叶期一次性施用缓释肥氮素用量90 kg·hm-2能显著提高氮素利用效率,促进群体干物质生产并实现高产,同时达到轻简高效的目的。
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| 关 键 词： | 小麦后直播棉 缓释氮肥 肥料运筹 氮素吸收利用 |
The Effects of Slow-Release Nitrogen Fertilizers on the Nitrogen Uptake and Utilization Efficiency and Yield for Direct Seeded Cotton after Wheat Harvested Cropping System |
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| Xu Jingli,Li Yabing,Hu Dapeng,Zhou Mingyuan,Liang Panpan,Wu Huimin,Zhang Xiang,Chen Yuan,Chen Dehua.The Effects of Slow-Release Nitrogen Fertilizers on the Nitrogen Uptake and Utilization Efficiency and Yield for Direct Seeded Cotton after Wheat Harvested Cropping System[J].Cotton Science,2020,32(1):42-51. |
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| Authors: | Xu Jingli Li Yabing Hu Dapeng Zhou Mingyuan Liang Panpan Wu Huimin Zhang Xiang Chen Yuan Chen Dehua |
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| Institution: | 1. Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology of Jiangsu Province, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, Jiangsu,China; 2. Institude of Cotton Research, CAAS/ State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Anyang 455000, Henan, China |
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| Abstract: | Objective] To study the effects of application periods and rates of slow-release nitrogen fertilizers on the nitrogen uptake and utilization efficiency and yield for the direct seeded cotton after wheat harvested cropping system. Methods] The short season cotton variety "Zhongmiansuo 50" was used as the experimentalmaterial, and the planting method of direct seeded cotton after wheat harvested was adopted. Three slow-release nitrogen fertilizer application rates (pure nitrogen) were set: 45 kg·hm－2, 90 kg·hm－2, 135 kg·hm－2, respectively,and applied at the two-leaf stage and the four-leaf stage, respectively. Take conventional fertilizer urea (pure nitrogen 90 kg·hm－2, CK1) and no fertilizer (CK2) as control. Results] There were significantly higher yield for the treatments of pure nitrogen 90 kg·hm－2 with 2 to 4 leaves application in 2017, the values were 4 198.7 kg·hm－2 and 4 037.8 kg·hm－2, respectively. Higher dry matter accumulation were also detected, the values were 14 090.5 kg·hm－2 and 13 564.5 kg·hm－2, respectively in 2017, which increased by 12.6% and 8.4% in compared to the control (CK2), respectively. Similar results were observed for nitrogen accumulation. The highest nitrogen agricultural recovery efficiency (NARE), nitrogen agronomic efficiency (NAE) and nitrogen physiological efficiency (NPE) were observed for treatment of 45 kg·hm－2 with application at 2 leaves stage. The second is the treatment of 90 kg·hm－2 of slow-release nitrogen fertilizer in the 2-leaf stage. For example, at the 2 leaves stage of 2017, when the application of nitrogen fertilizer is 45 kg·hm－2, the three nitrogen use efficiencies above are 75.62%, 23.68%, 77.26%, the treatment of slow-release nitrogen fertilizer 90 kg·hm－2 was 60.9%, 19.9%, and 46.6%, respectively, while the control CK2 was only 53.79%, 14.12%, and 40.91%. Conclusion] Higher yield and relatively high nitrogen absorption and utilization.could be achieved by one-time application of low-release nitrogen fertilizer which the pure nitrogen was 90 kg·hm－2 at the two-leaf stage and also it can achieve the purpose of easy and efficient. |
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| Keywords: | direct seeded cotton after wheat harvested cropping system slow-release nitrogen fertilizer rates and application periods nitrogen absorption and utilization |
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