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| 有机肥替代化肥比例对黄壤土活性有机碳及酶活性的影响 | |
| 引用本文： | 余,高,陈,芬,谢英荷,谭杰斌.有机肥替代化肥比例对黄壤土活性有机碳及酶活性的影响[J].中国蔬菜,2020,1(4):48-55. |
| 作者姓名： | 余 高 陈 芬 谢英荷 谭杰斌 |
| 作者单位： | （1 铜仁学院，贵州铜仁 554300；2 山西农业大学资源与环境学院，山西太谷 030801；3 宁乡丰裕生物科技; 有限公司，湖南宁乡 410600） |
| 基金项目： | 铜仁市科学技术局基础科学研究专项〔铜市科研（2017）30 号，铜市科研（2019）85 号〕，贵州省教育厅重点领域项目〔黔教合 KY 字（ 2019）082 〕，长沙市科技计划项目（kh1901238） |
| 摘 要： | 为明确等量养分施肥条件下,有机肥替代化肥不同比例对黄壤土活性有机碳及土壤酶活性的影响,以贵州省典型的黄壤土为对象,研究不施肥(CK),单施化肥(T1),70%化肥+30%有机肥(T2),50%化肥+50%有机肥(T3),30%化肥+70%有机肥(T4)和单施有机肥(T5)对土壤总有机碳(TOC)、溶解性有机碳(DOC)、易氧化性有机碳(ROC)、微生物生物量碳(MBC)含量和土壤纤维素酶、蔗糖酶、脲酶、酸性磷酸酶活性及辣椒产量的影响。结果表明:有机肥替代化肥能显著提高土壤总有机碳和各组分土壤活性有机碳含量,土壤TOC、DOC、ROC和MBC含量较单施化肥处理分别提高15.45%～55.82%、20.29%～91.30%、34.85%～51.21%和37.78%～71.11%;土壤有机碳库管理指数(CMI)较单施化肥处理提高36.95%～53.78%;随着有机肥替代化肥比例的增加,土壤纤维素酶、蔗糖酶和脲酶活性均呈现出先增加后降低的趋势,土壤酸性磷酸酶活性则呈现出不断提高的趋势;与不施肥对照相比,施肥明显提高了辣椒产量,50%化肥+50%有机肥处理的辣椒产量达到25 765.63 kg·hm~(-2),较其他施肥处理显著提高13.90%～49.36%。整体来看,有机肥替代化肥有助于提升黄壤土活性有机碳含量、土壤有机碳库管理指数、微生物活性及辣椒产量。从提高土壤固碳角度和增产效应出发,50%化肥+50%有机肥施用比例为推荐施肥措施。 |
| 关 键 词： | 黄壤土 有机肥 溶解性有机碳 易氧化性有机碳 微生物生物量碳 土壤酶活性 |
Effects of Chemical Fertilizer Replacing Organic Fertilizer Ratio on Active Organic Carbon and Enzymatic Activity in Yellow Loam Soil |
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| YU Gao,CHEN Fen,XIE Ying-he,TAN Jie-bin.Effects of Chemical Fertilizer Replacing Organic Fertilizer Ratio on Active Organic Carbon and Enzymatic Activity in Yellow Loam Soil[J].China Vegetables,2020,1(4):48-55. | |
| Authors: | YU Gao CHEN Fen XIE Ying-he TAN Jie-bin |
| Institution: | （1Tongren College，Tongren 554300，Guizhou，China；2College of Resource and Environment Science，Shanxi Agricultural; University，Taigu 030801，Shanxi，China；3 Ningxiang Fengyu Biotechnology Co．，Ltd.，Ningxiang 410600，Hunan，China） |
| Abstract: | In order to definite the effects of different proportion of chemical fertilizer replacing organic fertilizer on active organic carbon and enzyme activity in yellow loam soil in Guizhou Province under equivalent fertilization conditions，this paper took typical yellow loam soil samples from Guizhou Province as research object and studied the effects on soil total organic carbon（TOC），dissolved organic carbon（DOC），readily oxidized carbon（ROC），microbial biomass carbon（MBC），and soil cellulase，invertase，urease，acid phosphatase activity，and pepper yield by 6 treatments of mixing compound fertilizer with chemical fertilizer and organic fertilizer．These treatments included no fertilization（CK），100% chemical fertilizer（T1），70% chemical fertilizer + 30% organic fertilizer（T2），50% chemical fertilizer + 50% organic fertilizer（T3）， 30% chemical fertilizer + 70% organic fertilizer（T4），and 100% organic fertilizer（T5）．The results showed that replacing chemical with organic fertilizer could increase the soil TOC，DOC，ROC，and MBC contents． Compared with T1，the TOC，DOC，ROC and MBC contents were increased by 15.45%-55.82%，20.29%- 91.30%，34.85%-51.21%，37.78%-71.11%，respectively．While，the organic carbon pool management index （CMI） was increased by 36.95%-53.78%．The soil cellulase，sucrase and urease activity all showed the trend of increasing first then decreasing，and soil acid phosphatase activity showed a continual boosting trend along with the increase of replacing proportion of organic fertilizer．Compared with the CK，fertilization could significantly improve pepper yield．The pepper yield was the highest in T2（50% chemical fertilizer + 50% organic fertilizer），reaching 25 765.63 kg·hm-2，obviously 13.90%-49.36% higher than the other fertilization treatments．On the whole，replacing chemical fertilizer with organic fertilizer can increase the active organic carbon content，soil organic carbon pool management index，microbial activity and pepper yield of yellow soil．From the perspective of improving soil carbon sequestration and yield-increasing effect，the application rate of 50% chemical fertilizer + 50% organic fertilizer is the recommended fertilization measure． |
| Keywords: | Yellow loam soil Organic fertilizer Dissolved organic carbon Readily oxidized carbon Microbial biomass carbon Soil enzyme activity |
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