| 不同栽培措施对早实核桃温185一年生枝条抗寒力的影响 |
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| 引用本文： | 车凤斌,潘俨,张婷,郑素慧,胡柏文,桑长青.不同栽培措施对早实核桃温185一年生枝条抗寒力的影响[J].新疆农业科学,2012(11):1997-2007. |
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| 作者姓名： | 车凤斌 潘俨 张婷 郑素慧 胡柏文 桑长青 |
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| 作者单位： | 新疆农业科学院农产品贮藏加工研究所;新疆农业科学院园艺作物研究所;新疆维吾尔自治区气象局农业气象台 |
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| 基金项目： | 新疆维吾尔自治区财政林业科技专项资金课题“栽培管理措施与果树抗寒性关系研究” |
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| 摘 要： | 【目的】研究不同栽培处理对新疆早实核桃温185(Juglans regia L.)枝条抗寒力的影响,从安全越冬的角度初步提出促进抗寒力的栽培措施基本参数,为制定合理的技术标准提供理论依据。【方法】设置4年生温185核桃的生长后期水肥控制、修剪调控和生长延缓剂处理共24个田间栽培处理,通过测定和分析各处理的田间冻害指数、一年生枝条-24℃胁迫的相对电导率、枝条组织活力、可溶性糖含量、游离脯氨酸含量和束缚水/自由水6个指标,以此评价不同栽培处理对枝条抗寒力的影响。【结果】田间冻害调查与室内抗寒力生理指标测定结果基本一致,适宜的生长延缓剂处理促进枝条可溶性糖与脯氨酸含量积累;生长后期浇水对枝条可溶性糖含量和束缚水比例影响较大;冬灌对可溶性糖含量影响较大;生长后期追肥和修剪可调控枝条束缚水/自由水。【结论】使用12g/株的多效唑、生长季合理修剪、8月中旬和9月中旬浇水2次、8月底追施磷钾肥400g/株·次、10月中旬冬灌等单项措施,均能不同程度的提高4年生温185核桃枝条抗寒力。
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| 关 键 词： | 早实核桃 栽培措施 抗寒力 |
Effects of Different Cultivation on Annual Branch Cold Resistance of Wen-185 Early Fruit Walnut(Juglans regia L.) |
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| Institution: | CHE Feng - bin1,PAN Yan1,ZHANG Ting1,ZHENG Su - hui1,HU Bai - wen2,SANG Chang - qing3 (1.Research Institute of Agricultural Products Storage and Processing,Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Urumqi 830091,China;2.Research Institute of Horticultural Crops,Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Urumqi 830091,China;3.Xinjiang Agricultural Meteorology Observatory,Urumqi 830002,China) |
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| Abstract: | 【Objective】Effects of different cultivation on annual branch cold resistance of Wen - 185 early fruit walnut(Juglans regia L.) were evaluated to select basic parameters for employing appropriate cultivation method.【Method】24 cultivation treatments including controls of irrigation and additional fertilizing in late stages,controls of winter irrigation,controls of pruning,and controls of growing retarded were set on 4 years Wen - 185 walnut.6 indexes including freezing injury index in field,relative conductance,proline value,soluble total sugar value and bond water/free water ratio of annual branches stressed under -24℃were measured to evaluate the effects on cold resistance.【Result】Field investigation of freezing injury is approximately consistent with the result of physiology indexes tested in lab.Proper growing retarded control increases proline and soluble total sugar values of annual branch.Irrigation in late stages takes effects on soluble total sugar value and bond water/free water ratio of annual branches.Proper winter irrigation affects soluble total sugar value certainly.Additional fertilizing in late stages and pruning can regulate and control branch bond water/free water ratio.【Conclusion】Single cultivation method including Paclobutrazol (PP333) 12 g per tree,twice irrigations at mid - August and mid - September,400 g per tree phosphorus potassium fertilizing once at the end of August,proper pruning at season of growth will increase annual branch cold resistance of Wen - 185 walnut. |
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| Keywords: | early fruit walnut(Juglans regia L ) cultivation treatments cold resistance |
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