| 滴灌下施用保水剂对土壤水肥及玉米收益的影响 |
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| 引用本文： | 李荣,夏雷,王艳丽,吴鹏年,余林,叶旭波,钱鹏.滴灌下施用保水剂对土壤水肥及玉米收益的影响[J].排灌机械工程学报,2018,36(12):1337-1344. |
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| 作者姓名： | 李荣 夏雷 王艳丽 吴鹏年 余林 叶旭波 钱鹏 |
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| 作者单位： | 宁夏大学农学院, 宁夏 银川 750021 |
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| 摘 要： | 针对宁夏扬黄灌区严重缺水、土壤瘠薄、肥力低下等问题,在玉米苗期穴施不同用量(0,30,60,90和120 kg/hm2)的沃特保水剂,并以不施保水剂为对照,研究保水剂不同施用量对土壤水肥状况及作物生长的影响,以探寻玉米滴灌条件下砂质土壤田的保水剂最佳施用量.结果表明,在玉米整个生育期,0~100 cm土壤层贮水量随保水剂施用量增加而增加,施用保水剂90和120 kg/hm2处理使土壤贮水量,分别较对照显著提高14.0%和17.1%;施用保水剂60 kg/hm2处理下,土壤养分含量较对照显著增加,其保肥和供肥效果最佳;施用保水剂不同量可促进玉米生长,施用保水剂90 kg/hm2处理对玉米吐丝期的促进效果显著.与对照处理相比,施用保水剂60 kg/hm2处理对提高玉米水分利用效率、增产和增收效果最佳,分别较对照处理显著增加41.8%,22.2%和33.9%.因此,适量穴施沃特保水剂可有效改善土壤水肥状况,实现玉米增产增收,以施用保水剂60~90 kg/hm2为最优,适宜于在宁夏扬黄灌区进行推广应用.
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| 关 键 词： | 保水剂 土壤水分 土壤养分 玉米产量 经济收益 |
| 收稿时间： | 2017-05-16 |
Effects of water-retaining agent dose on soil water and nutrient contents,maize yield and economic benefit under drip irrigation |
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| LI Rong,XIA Lei,WANG Yanli,WU Pengnian,YU Lin,YE Xubo,QIAN Peng.Effects of water-retaining agent dose on soil water and nutrient contents,maize yield and economic benefit under drip irrigation[J].Journal of Drainage and Irrigation Machinery Engineering,2018,36(12):1337-1344. |
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| Authors: | LI Rong XIA Lei WANG Yanli WU Pengnian YU Lin YE Xubo QIAN Peng |
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| Institution: | School of Agriculture, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, Ningxia 750021, China |
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| Abstract: | In the Yellow River pumping irrigation areas in Ningxia, the land in the areas is subject to a severe lack of water, lean soil and low fertility, etc. To solve this problem, water-retaining agents can be applied potentially in the land. In the paper, Wote super absorbent polymers(SAP)was used as the water-retaining agent. A field study was conducted to investigate effects of SAP dose(0, 30, 60, 90, and 120 kg/hm2)applied in maize seedling stage on soil nutrient, water content and maize growth in various growth stages, and to decide the optimum SAP dosage in sandy soil under drip irrigation. The case without SAP was specified to be control group. The results show that the soil water storage capacity in 0-100 cm soil layer is increased with increasing SAP dose in the whole growth period. Particularly, the capacities are considerably increased by 14.0% and 17.1% at 90 kg/hm2 and 120 kg/hm2 doses, respectively, compared with the control group. At 60 kg/hm2 SAP dose, nutrient content in the soil tilth is enriched obviously, suggesting SAP has played a most important role in keeping and supplying fertilizer. Whatever SAP dose is applied can significantly promote maize growth, especially the 90 kg/hm2 dose can improve the growth in the silking period of maize significantly. At 60 kg/hm2 SAP dose, the maize yield, water use efficiency and economic benefit are 41.8%, 22.2% and 33.9% higher than in the control group, indicating this dosage is the best. Thus, properly using SAP can effectively improve soil water moisture and fertilizer conditions, promote the growth, and raise the maize yield and economic benefit. The optimum dosage of SAP is in the range of 60-90 kg/hm2 for the Yellow River pumping irrigation areas in Ningxia and it should be popularized in the future. |
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| Keywords: | super absorbent polymers(SAP) soil water soil nutrient maize yield economic income |
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