| 中国国家公园准入标准研究述评——以9个国家公园体制试点区为例 |
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| 引用本文： | 田美玲,方世明.中国国家公园准入标准研究述评——以9个国家公园体制试点区为例[J].世界林业研究,2017,30(5):62-68. |
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| 作者姓名： | 田美玲 方世明 |
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| 作者单位： | 1.湖北文理学院管理学院, 湖北 襄阳 441053 |
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| 基金项目： | 教育部人文社会科学研究青-基金（16YJCZH090）；襄阳市科技计划软科学研究专项。 |
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| 摘 要： | 国家公园属于全球保护地的一种，其最本质属性是公益性、国家主导性和科学性。以1974年IUCN对国家公园的定义为依据，将中国国家公园的准入标准概括为面积、资源级别、人类足迹指数和功能全面性4个方面，并据此建立指标体系。采用层次分析法确定各个层次指标的权重，然后运用模糊数学法对9个国家公园体制试点区进行综合评价，综合得分由高到低依次为青海三江源、黑龙江汤旺河、吉林长白山、湖北神农架、云南普达措、湖南南山、福建武夷山、浙江钱江源和北京八达岭国家公园。从结果来看，完全符合中国国家公园准入标准的试点区有青海三江源、吉林长白山和湖北神农架，即可以进入中国国家公园体系；黑龙江汤旺河虽然综合排名第2，但是资源级别不符合要求；云南普达措、湖南南山、福建武夷山、浙江钱江源和北京八达岭则是人类足迹指数未达标。
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| 关 键 词： | 国家公园 准入标准 人类足迹指数 层次分析法 模糊数学法 中国 |
| 收稿时间： | 2017/4/7 0:00:00 |
| 修稿时间： | 2017/7/21 0:00:00 |
A Review of National Park Selection Criteria System in China:A Case Study of 9 National Park Experimental Areas |
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| Tian Meiling and Fang Shiming.A Review of National Park Selection Criteria System in China:A Case Study of 9 National Park Experimental Areas[J].World Forestry Research,2017,30(5):62-68. |
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| Authors: | Tian Meiling and Fang Shiming |
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| Institution: | 1.School of Management, Hubei University of Arts and Science, Xiangyang 441053, Hubei, China2.School of Public Administration, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, China |
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| Abstract: | National park is one of global protected areas, which is in nature the integration of the public welfare, state dominance and scientificity. The paper established a national park selection index system according to the definition of national park under IUCN in 1974, which consists of four index levels, i.e., area suitability, nature resource level, human footprint index and function range. We used analytic hierarchy process to determine the weights of each index level, and then used fuzzy mathematics to evaluate 9 national park experimental areas. The overall score is ordered by Qinghai Three-River Headwaters National Park, Heilongjiang Tang-wang River National Park, Jilin Changbai Mountain National Park, Hubei Shennongjia National Park, Yunnan Pudatsuo National Park, Hunan South Mountain National Park, Fujian Wuyi Mountain National Park, Zhejiang Qianjiangyuan National Park, and Beijing Badaling National Park. According to the result, the experimental areas that are completely in line with China''s national park selection criteria are Qinghai Three-River Headwaters National Park, Jilin Changbai Mountain National Park and Hubei Shennongjia National Park, which could be listed into China''s national park system. Although Heilongjiang Tang-wang River National Park ranks second in comprehensive score, its resource level makes it unqualified. The human footprint index of Yunnan Pudatsuo National Park, Hunan South Mountain National Park, Fujian Wuyi Mountain National Park, Zhejiang Qianjiangyuan National Park and Beijing Badaling National Park failed to meet the standard. |
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| Keywords: | national park selection criteria human footprint index analytic hierarchy process fuzzy mathematics China |
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