| 有机无机肥配施锌肥和石灰对双季稻产量及土壤养分特性的影响 |
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| 引用本文： | 马国柱,屠乃美,方畅宇,易镇邪,杨晶,谭志新,黎鹏,董一漩.有机无机肥配施锌肥和石灰对双季稻产量及土壤养分特性的影响[J].水土保持学报,2020,34(4):171-177. |
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| 作者姓名： | 马国柱 屠乃美 方畅宇 易镇邪 杨晶 谭志新 黎鹏 董一漩 |
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| 作者单位： | 湖南农业大学农学院, 长沙 410128 |
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| 基金项目： | 公益性行业（农业）科研专项（201503123） |
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| 摘 要： | 在南方典型双季稻种植区,通过2年试验综合评价在有机无机肥配施基础上施用锌肥和石灰对双季稻产量与土壤养分特性的影响,以期提出培肥土壤和提高水稻产量的理想施肥模式。设置有机肥+无机肥(T1)、锌+有机肥+无机肥(T2)、石灰+有机肥+无机肥(T3)、锌+石灰+有机肥+无机肥(T4)4个处理,测定了土壤有效锌、碱解氮、有效锌含量和pH,分析了水稻产量和土壤综合肥力。结果表明:(1)相比T1处理,T2处理显著提高了早晚稻千粒重和结实率,显著增产8.7%,而T3处理不利于水稻稳产,显著降低了千粒重,并在第2年减产(5.6%)显著;T4处理表现出来的产量规律与T3处理类似,均于第2年表现减产。(2)施用锌肥、石灰均有利于提高土壤有效磷和碱解氮含量,石灰显著提高土壤pH,但T3、T4处理土壤有效锌含量显著下降,较T1处理分别下降39.0%和31.9%,而连年施用锌肥有利于有效锌的提高,T2较T1处理土壤有效锌含量提高22.2%。(3)土壤综合肥力表现为T2T4T1T3,施用锌肥相比石灰更有利于提高土壤肥力。综上所述,施用锌肥能显著提高土壤速效养分含量,增产显著,而连年施用石灰显著降低了土壤中有效锌含量。因此,在缺锌土壤中需慎施石灰,而长期施用石灰的土壤,应追施锌肥。综合土壤养分含量和水稻产量评价,有机+无机+锌肥的施肥模式为理想施肥模式。
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| 关 键 词： | 锌肥 石灰 有效锌 土壤肥力 水稻产量 |
| 收稿时间： | 2019/10/20 0:00:00 |
Effects of Combined Application of Organic and Inorganic Fertilizers with Zinc Fertilizer and Lime on Yield and Soil Nutrient Characteristics of Double Cropping Rice |
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| MA Guozhu,TU Naimei,FANG Changyu,YI Zhenxie,YANG Jing,TAN Zhixin,LI Peng,DONG Yixuan.Effects of Combined Application of Organic and Inorganic Fertilizers with Zinc Fertilizer and Lime on Yield and Soil Nutrient Characteristics of Double Cropping Rice[J].Journal of Soil and Water Conservation,2020,34(4):171-177. |
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| Authors: | MA Guozhu TU Naimei FANG Changyu YI Zhenxie YANG Jing TAN Zhixin LI Peng DONG Yixuan |
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| Institution: | College of Agronomy of Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128 |
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| Abstract: | The effects of zinc fertilizer and lime on double-season rice yield and soil nutrient characteristics were evaluated in a typical double-season rice growing area in southern China,in order to propose the best fertilization mode for fertilizing local soil and increasing rice yield. It is equipped with organic fertilizer + inorganic fertilizer (T1),zinc + organic fertilizer + inorganic fertilizer (T2),lime + organic fertilizer + inorganic fertilizer (T3),zinc + lime + organic fertilizer + inorganic fertilizer (T4),a total of 4 treatments. The indicators of soil available zinc,alkali nitrogen,available zinc,and pH were determined,and rice yield and soil comprehensive fertility were analyzed. The results showed that: (1) Compared with T1 treatment,T2 treatment significantly increased the 1000-grain weight and seed setting rate of early and late rice,and significantly increased yield by 8.7%. However,the application of lime (T3) in successive years was not conducive to stable yield of rice,significantly reduced 1000-grain weight,and significantly reduced yield in the second year (5.6%). The yield pattern exhibited by the T4 treatment was similar to that of the T3 treatment,and both showed a reduction in production in the second year. (2) The application of zinc fertilizer and lime was beneficial to increasing the content of available phosphorus and alkali nitrogen in soil. Lime could also significantly increase soil pH,but the effective zinc content in T3 and T4 treatments decreased significantly,which was 39.0% and 31.9% lower than that of T1 treatment. However,the application of zinc fertilizer for several years was conducive to the improvement of effective zinc. The effective zinc content of T2 was 22.2% higher than that of T1 treatment. (3) The soil comprehensive fertility was T2 > T4 > T1 > T3,the application of zinc fertilizer was more conducive to improving soil fertility than lime. In summary,the application of zinc fertilizer can significantly increase the soil available nutrient content,and increase production. However,the application of lime in successive years significantly reduced the effective zinc content in the soil. Therefore,lime should be applied cautiously in zinc-deficient soil,and for the long-term application of lime,attention should be paid to the supplement of exogenous zinc fertilizer. Based on comprehensive evaluation of soil nutrient content and rice yield,the fertilization mode of organic-inorganic + zinc fertilizer is the best fertilization mode. |
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| Keywords: | zinc fertilizer lime available zinc soil fertility rice yield |
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