| 新型氮肥对膜下滴灌玉米产量、氮素吸收及利用率的影响 |
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| 引用本文： | 李源,张炎,哈丽哈什·依巴提,张梦婕,李青军.新型氮肥对膜下滴灌玉米产量、氮素吸收及利用率的影响[J].新疆农业科学,2020,57(1):12-19. |
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| 作者姓名： | 李源 张炎 哈丽哈什·依巴提 张梦婕 李青军 |
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| 作者单位： | 1. 新疆农业科学院土壤肥料与农业节水研究所,乌鲁木齐 830091; 2. 农业部荒漠绿洲作物生理生态与耕作重点实验室,乌鲁木齐 830091 |
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| 基金项目： | 农业部植物营养与肥料学科群开放基金(APF2015035) |
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| 摘 要： | 【目的】比较不同新型尿素在膜下滴灌玉米上的肥效差异,筛选最佳的新型尿素类型。【方法】设置7个处理:不施氮肥、常规尿素、聚能网尿素、腐殖酸尿素、含锌尿素、控失尿素和常规尿素加锌。各处理施用等量氮磷钾,控失尿素全部基施,其他处理尿素30%作基肥,70%后期随水滴施,磷钾肥全部基施。在成熟期测定其生物量、产量和氮肥吸收利用率和土壤中铵态氮、硝态氮含量。【结果】与普通尿素相比,新型尿素处理后玉米产量增加6.32%~9.62%,地上部干物质量增加5.62%~13.43%,差异显著。其中控失尿素增产效果最为明显,比普通尿素增加13.43%;与普通尿素相比,新型尿素处理后氮肥利用提高3.26%~8.28%,控失尿素氮肥利用率最高;新型肥料均有利于提高0~40 cm土壤铵态氮和硝态氮累积,其中控失尿素处理后效果最好。【结论】施用控失尿素,棉花产量提高9.62%,地上干物质量提高13.43%,氮肥利用率提高8.28%,应用效果最好。
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| 关 键 词： | 玉米 新型氮肥 氮素吸收 氮素利用率 |
| 收稿时间： | 2019-08-06 |
Effects of New-Type Urea On Yield,Nitrogen Uptake and Nitrogen Use Efficiency of Drip Irrigated Maize under Plastic Film Mulching |
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| LI Yuan,ZHANG Yan,Haliha Yibati,ZHANG Mengjie,LI Qingjun.Effects of New-Type Urea On Yield,Nitrogen Uptake and Nitrogen Use Efficiency of Drip Irrigated Maize under Plastic Film Mulching[J].Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences,2020,57(1):12-19. |
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| Authors: | LI Yuan ZHANG Yan Haliha Yibati ZHANG Mengjie LI Qingjun |
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| Institution: | 1. Research Institute of Soil, Fertilizer and Agricultural Water Conservation, XiXinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Urumqi 830091, China; 2. Key Laboratory of Desert-Oasis Crop Physiology, Ecology and Cultivation, Ministry of Agriculture, Urumqi 830091, China |
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| Abstract: | 【Objective】 To compare the difference of the efficiencies of different new urea in the drip irrigated maize under plastic film mulching in the hope of selecting the best new urea type. 【Method】 One-year field trials were conducted with seven treatments including no N fertilizer, common urea, polyaspartic acid urea, humic acid urea, zinc urea, loss-controlled urea, common urea add Zn.Each treatment applied the same amount of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium. Loss-controlled urea was all applied as the base fertilizer before transplanting. 30% of urea was used as base fertilizer in other treatments, and 70% was applied with drip irrigation. All P, K, Zn fertilizers were applied as base fertilizer before transplanting. The cotton biomass, yield, N uptake and N utilization were measured in the mature period. 【Result】 Compared with the common urea, the yields of new-type urea increased by 6.32% - 9.62%, and dry matter of the ground increased by 5.62% - 13.43%, showing a significant difference. Among them, the loss-controlled urea significantly increased the yield of maize by 13.43%. Compared with the common urea, application of the new type urea also increased N average utilization rates by 3.26% - 8.28%. The nitrogen fertilizer efficiency of loss-controlled urea is the highest. The result also indicated that the accumulations of ammonium nitrogen and nitrate nitrogen in the 0-40 cm soil layer were increased by applying new type urea.【Conclusion】 Therefore, The Loss controlled urea in the xin lian xin new type urea is the most effective way,The yield increased by 9.62%, the dry matter increased by 13.43%, and the utilization rate of fertilizer increased by 8.28%. to improve the utilization rate and efficiency of nitrogen fertilizer in maize in Xinjiang. |
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| Keywords: | drip irrigation maize new-type urea nitrogen uptake nitrogen use efficiency |
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