| 快速城市化地区土地利用变化的生态环境效应——以杭州市中心城区为例 |
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| 引用本文： | 黄忠华,杜雪君.快速城市化地区土地利用变化的生态环境效应——以杭州市中心城区为例[J].水土保持通报,2015,35(6):223-229. |
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| 作者姓名： | 黄忠华 杜雪君 |
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| 作者单位： | 浙江工业大学 经贸管理学院, 浙江 杭州 310023;浙江省哲学社会科学重点研究基地 技术创新与企业国际化研究中心, 浙江 杭州 310023;浙江科技学院 经济管理学院, 浙江 杭州 310023 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家自然科学基金项目"土地资源错配的形成机理及其对生产率影响的实证研究(71373243),"快速城市化背景下土地财政对城市增长的影响机理与管治策略研究(71203197);浙江省自然科学基金项目(LY13G030026);浙江省哲学社科一般项目(15NDJC163YB);浙江省哲学社科一般项目(15NDJC185YB);2016年度浙江省重点软科学研究项目(2016C25G2020012) |
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| 摘 要： | 目的]评价和分析杭州中心城区1995—2014年土地利用变化的生态环境综合效应,为土地利用管理和城市生态环境治理提供依据。方法]基于杭州市中心城区1995,2000,2005,2010和2014年5期TM影像数据,获取不同时段土地利用变化数据,并利用生态系统价值评估、碳排放核算和景观格局指数等分析方法。结果]近20a来,杭州市生态系统服务总价值从1995年的32.43亿元下降至2014年的23.96亿元,共减少26%,占同期GDP比重从5.86%下降至0.56%;土地利用净碳排放从1995年的4.26×10t增加至2014年的1.51×107 t,碳吸收从7.22×105 t下降至6.49×105 t,2014年碳排放的社会成本已高达145亿元;生态服务低价值区主要以中部为中心向周围蔓延,土地利用生态景观分析结果显示破碎化程度降低,连通性提高趋势,但多样性锐减。结论]研究区内林地和水体面积减少,建设用地增加是生态系统服务总价值减少的主要原因。建设用地碳排放急剧增加和林地的碳吸收锐减是土地利用净碳排放增加的主要原因。研究区土地利用变化引起的生态景观格局变化明显,生态服务价值空间分布不均。
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| 关 键 词： | 土地利用变化 生态环境效应 生态系统服务价值 碳排放 杭州市 |
| 收稿时间： | 2014/9/25 0:00:00 |
| 修稿时间： | 2014/10/8 0:00:00 |
Eco-environmental Effects of Land Use Change in Rapid Urbanization Area-A Case Study at Central District of Hangzhou City |
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| HUANG Zhonghua and DU Xuejun.Eco-environmental Effects of Land Use Change in Rapid Urbanization Area-A Case Study at Central District of Hangzhou City[J].Bulletin of Soil and Water Conservation,2015,35(6):223-229. |
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| Authors: | HUANG Zhonghua and DU Xuejun |
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| Institution: | College of Economics and Management, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310023, China;Zhejiang Technological Innovation and Enterprise Internationalization Research Center, Key Research Base of Humanities and Social Sciences of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310023, China;School of Economics and Management, Zhejiang University of Science and Technology, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310023, China |
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| Abstract: | Objective] The comprehensive effects of land use change on eco-environment during 1995-2014 were assessed to provide a support for land use management and urban eco-environment governance.Methods] Based on the TM image data of central district of Hangzhou City in 1995, 2000, 2005, 2010 and 2014, methods of ecosystem service value, carbon emission and landscape pattern assessment were used.Results] The ecosystem service value in Hangzhou City was 3.24 billion Yuan in 1995 and 2.40 billion Yuan in 2014, which decreased by 26%. The ratio of ecosystem service value to GDP decreased from 8% in 1995 to 0.5% in 2014. The carbon emission increased from 4.26×106 t in 1995 to 1.51×107 t in 2014, and the carbon sink decreased from 7.22×105 t in 1995 to 6.49×105 t in 2014. The social cost of carbon emission was about 14.5 billion Yuan in 2014.Areas with low ecosystem service value spread its coverage from city center to periphery. Landscape pattern analysis showed that, in the past 20 years, land use had tendencies of decreasing fragmentation, increasing connectivity and decreasing diversify.Conclusion] In the study area, the sharp decrease of ecosystem service value can be attributed to the decrease of forest land and water body, and the increase of construction land. The increase of carbon emission linked with land use change was a consequence of increased carbon emitted from construction land and decreased sink of forest land. Land use transformation caused the change of landscape pattern remarkably, and the spatial distribution of ecosystem service value was uneven. |
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| Keywords: | land use change eco-environmental effect ecosystem service value carbon emission Hangzhou City |
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