| 全株大麦拉伸膜裹包青贮营养成分及发酵品质动态变化研究 |
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| 引用本文： | 李乔仙,张美艳,薛世明,张家平,黄必志,匡崇义,高月娥,徐驰.全株大麦拉伸膜裹包青贮营养成分及发酵品质动态变化研究[J].家畜生态学报,2021,32(1):46-51. |
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| 作者姓名： | 李乔仙 张美艳 薛世明 张家平 黄必志 匡崇义 高月娥 徐驰 |
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| 作者单位： | 云南省草地动物科学研究院;楚雄州畜牧科技推广站 |
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| 基金项目： | 云南省草产业技术体系草产品加工岗位(2017KJTX0018);国家牧草产业技术体系(CARS-34);南志标院士工作站(2018IC074);国家肉牛牦牛产业技术体系(CARS-37)。 |
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| 摘 要： | 为探究全株大麦拉伸膜裹包青贮长期贮存过程中营养成分和发酵品质的变化规律。试验开展全株大麦三层拉伸膜裹包青贮制作,青贮贮存8个月,期间每月定时取样进行营养成分和发酵参数测定。结果表明:(1)第1~5月的霉变率极低,第5个月后霉变率显著增高,最高达18.95%。(2)青贮的粗蛋白、粗脂肪、中性洗涤纤维和酸性洗涤纤维变化显著(P<0.05),干物质变化不显著(P>0.05)。第1~2月的干物质、粗脂肪、粗蛋白、中性洗涤纤维和酸性洗涤纤维均呈下降趋势。整个过程中,粗蛋白保持在8%~10%之间呈“W”状波动,中性洗涤纤维和酸性洗涤纤维两者呈趋于一致的“波形”幅度变化,粗脂肪在第2月和第7月变化幅度较大,干物质含量第3~7月在4%的范围内呈上升变化。(3)青贮发酵品质变化显著(P<0.05)。第1~3月乳酸和pH的变化大致呈乳酸升高pH降低的趋势,第3月后乳酸和pH变化趋势相似;整个过程的氨态氮/总氮的比值均小于5%;乙酸含量在0%~1%的范围内呈“波形”曲线变化;丙酸含量仅有第8月达到0.16%,其他月份均在0.1%以下范围内。整个青贮过程采用V-Score评分体系进行青贮品质评价,各月的青贮品质均为优质。综合营养成分和青贮品质,全株大麦拉伸膜裹包青贮质量优良,适合在云南中部地区推广利用。全株大麦三层拉伸膜裹包青贮适宜保存时间为5个月。
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| 关 键 词： | 青贮全株大麦 拉伸膜裹包青贮 营养成分 青贮品质 动态变化 |
Dynamic Variation of Nutrients and Silage Quality of Barley Wrappedwith Stretched Film during Storage Period |
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| LI Qiaoxian,ZHANG Meiyan,XUE Shiming,ZHANG Jiaping,HUANG Bizhi,KUANG Chongyi,GAO Yue'e,XU Chi.Dynamic Variation of Nutrients and Silage Quality of Barley Wrappedwith Stretched Film during Storage Period[J].Acta Ecologae Animalis Domastici,2021,32(1):46-51. |
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| Authors: | LI Qiaoxian ZHANG Meiyan XUE Shiming ZHANG Jiaping HUANG Bizhi KUANG Chongyi GAO Yue'e XU Chi |
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| Institution: | (Yunnan Academy of Grassland and Animal Science,Kunming,Yunnan 650212;Chuxiong State Animal Husbandry Technology Promotion Station,Chuxiong,Yunnan 675000) |
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| Abstract: | Whole barley silage was wrapped with stretched film and stored for a period of 8 months to reveal the variation rules of nutritional ingredients and fermentation quality.Three-layer wrapped barley silage was sampled every month for analysis of nutritional ingredients and fermentation during 8-month storage period.The results showed that:(1)The mildewing rate was very low from the first month to the fifth month,and it was significantly increased after the fifth month,with the highest mildewing rate of 18.95%.(2)The crude protein,crude fat,neutral detergent fiber and acid detergent fiber of barley silage were significantly different(P<0.05),while the dry matter was not(P>0.05).The contents of dry matter,crude protein,crude fat,neutral detergent fiber and acid detergent fiber of barley silage decreased in the first and second month.During the whole period,crude protein maintained a“W”shape fluctuation by 8%~10%.The amplitude change of neutral detergent fiber and acid detergent fiber showed a“waveform”fluctuation.And the amplitude changes of crude fat were large in the second and seventh month,dry matter increased within 4%from the third to seventh month.(3)There were significant difference of silage quality among different storage months(P<0.05).From the first to the third month,lactic acid increased,and pH decreased.After the third month,the variation trend of lactic acid and pH were similar.In the whole storage period,the ratio of ammoniacal nitrogen and total nitrogen was less than 5%.The content of acetic acid varied in the range of 0%~1%in“waveform”fluctuation.The content of propionic acid only reached 0.16%in the eighth month,and less than 0.1%in other months.The silage quality of barley silage process was superior in each storage month according to the“V-score”evaluation system.It was concluded that the silage quality of barley silage is good according to the comprehensive analysis of nutrients and silage quality,which is suitable for the promotion and utilization in the middle region of Yunnan.The best storage period of barley silage wrapped with three stretched film is 5 months. |
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| Keywords: | barley silage silage wrapped with stretched film nutrients silage quality dynamic variation |
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