| 土传病害生防菌的分离筛选及鉴定 |
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| 引用本文： | 陈丽园,詹凯,鲁恒星,戚仁德.土传病害生防菌的分离筛选及鉴定[J].中国农学通报,2014,30(29):8-14. |
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| 作者姓名： | 陈丽园 詹凯 鲁恒星 戚仁德 |
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| 作者单位： | 安徽省农业科学研究院,安徽省农科院畜牧兽医研究所,安徽省农业科学研究院畜牧兽医研究所,安徽省农业科学院植物保护研究所 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家现代产业技术体系“国家现代产业技术体系（蛋鸡）专项经费”(CARS-41-K19)。 |
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| 摘 要： | 为了使蛋鸡粪有机肥兼有防治作物土传病害的多功能性。实验从安徽省农科院实验田及蛋鸡养殖场等环境中共分离出170 株真菌，首先将分离菌与辣椒炭疽病(Colletotrichum capsici)进行平板对峙实验，再通过复筛选出7 株菌，同时对该7 株菌进行抑菌谱、耐温实验和蛋鸡粪肥中增殖实验，效果较好的菌株最终进行分子生物学鉴定。结果表明：筛选出的菌株中编号为TCC53 对油菜菌核病和麦纹枯的抑菌率分别可达90.4%、82.3%，TCC157 对辣椒炭疽病和辣椒疫霉的抑菌率分别可达88.6%、71.2%，同时该两株菌均可在40℃以上生长。通过分子生物学鉴定得出TCC53 和TCC157 分别为棘孢曲霉(Aspergillusaculeatus)和皮落青霉(Penicillium crustosum)。皮落青霉和棘孢曲霉均为环境中常见真菌，生长快、不具有致病性，将其添加至蛋鸡粪有机肥中有望提高作物的抗病效果又可改善土壤结构的微生物肥料。
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| 关 键 词： | 药敏试验 药敏试验 自动快速检测 新型药敏检测技术 |
| 收稿时间： | 2014/2/20 0:00:00 |
| 修稿时间： | 2014/2/20 0:00:00 |
Screening and Identification of Antagonisms Against the Soilborne Pathogens |
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| Institution: | Chen Liyuan, Zhan Kai, Lu Henxing, Qi Rende (1 Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary, Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hefei 230031; 2Institute of Plant Protection, Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hefei 230031) |
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| Abstract: | To make the laying hen manure have the multi-function of preventing soil-borne diseases. We isolated 170 strains from the experimental field and laying hens farms of Anhui Academy of Agricultural. 7 strains were screened out by the plate confrontation experiment carried out to test the inhibition effect of 170 strains to Colletotrichum capsici. After that, we carried out inhibitory spectrum experiments, temperature experiments and proliferation assays with these 7 strains to screen out the effective strains. At last, better ones were taken to molecular biological identification test. The results showed that the inhibitory rates of TCC53 to Sclerotinia sclerotiorum and Rhizoctonia cerealis were 90.4% and 82.3% respectively, the inhibitory rate of TCC157 to Colletotrichum capsici and Phytophthora capsici were 88.6% and 71.2%. And both of them could be grown in more than 40~C. In the molecular biology assay, TCC53 and TCC157 were identificated as Aspergillus aculeatus and Penicillium crustosum. Which were existed in the environment commonly, could grow fast and non-pathogenic, add the 2 strains to the organic fertilizer made by laying hen manure could help the crops resistant disease and improve soil structure. |
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| Keywords: | Laying Hen Manure Biocontrol Organic Fertilizer Aspergillus aculeatus Penicillium Crustosum |
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