| 重金属在猪饲料-粪污-沼液中的变化特征 |
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| 引用本文： | 朱泉雯.重金属在猪饲料-粪污-沼液中的变化特征[J].水土保持研究,2014,21(6):284-289. |
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| 作者姓名： | 朱泉雯 |
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| 作者单位： | 扬州市职业大学, 江苏 扬州 225009 |
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| 摘 要： | 畜禽养殖使用饲料中普遍添加了含有重金属的添加剂，畜禽对重金属的利用率低，绝大部分残留于粪便中，对生态环境和人类健康存在潜在风险。调查分析了太湖流域西岸区域养猪场饲料、猪粪和沼气化的沼渣和沼液9种重金属（Cr，Mn，Co，Ni，Cu，Zn，As，Cd，Pb），研究结果表明，猪饲料和猪粪中Cu，Zn，Pb，Cd和As重金属均超标严重，猪大小不同，使得猪饲料和猪粪中重金属含量差异较大。沼液中Cu，Zn，As含量分别为3.37，34.49，0.36 mg/L，均严重超标，沼渣中Cu，Zn，Pb，Cd和Ni，分别达到1 348.20，10 525.03，1 254.45，57.36和1 043.99 mg/kg，均也严重超标，沼气化工程后除了Pb，Cd和Co外，其他6种重金属可溶态含量都增大，因此沼肥均不宜直接施用农田，需通过相应处理实现沼肥安全农用。
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| 关 键 词： | 养猪 饲料—猪粪—沼液—沼渣 重金属 超标 |
Distribution Characteristics of Heavy Metals in Feeds,Pig Manures and Biogas Slurry |
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| ZHU Quan-wen.Distribution Characteristics of Heavy Metals in Feeds,Pig Manures and Biogas Slurry[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2014,21(6):284-289. |
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| Authors: | ZHU Quan-wen |
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| Institution: | Yangzhou Polytechnic College, Yangzhou, Jiansu 225009, China |
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| Abstract: | In the intensive animal production, more and more trace elements such as Cu, Zn were added in the feeds of animals to prevent disease, there will be potentially environmental risks caused by the manure-born metals because of the low rate of utilization of livestock and poultry to heavy metals and the high residue in feces. Samples of pig feeds, pig manures and biogas slurry were collected to analyze the characteristics of heavy metal pollution (Cr, Mn, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, As, Cd, Pb) in feeds-manures-biogas system in the west coast region of Taihu basin. The results show that the heavy metals in pig feeds and manures severely exceeded the limits in Taihu Lake Basin, mainly Cu, Zn, Pb, Cd and As, different stages of the rearing are quite different. Heavy metals seriously exceeded in biogas slurry, in which Cu, Zn, As contents were 3.37, 34.49, 0.36 mg/L, respectively. Cu, Zn, Pb, Cd and Ni are the excessive metals in biogas residue, reaching to 1 348.20, 10 525.03, 1 254.45, 57.36 and 1 043.99 mg/kg, respectively. Except for Pb，Cd and Co, the contents of soluble heavy metals increased in anaerobic fermentation process, which cannot be directly applied to agricultural land, need follow-up treatment to reduce heavy metal pollution, so it can provide the scientific basis for harmless use of livestock and poultry manure. |
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| Keywords: | pig raising feeds-manures-biogas residue-biogas manure heavy metals over standard |
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