| 长江中下游小麦抗赤霉病品种的筛选与部分农艺性状分析 |
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| 引用本文： | 胡文静,张春梅,吴迪,陆成彬,董亚超,程晓明,张勇,高德荣.长江中下游小麦抗赤霉病品种的筛选与部分农艺性状分析[J].中国农业科学,2020,53(21):4313-4321. |
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| 作者姓名： | 胡文静 张春梅 吴迪 陆成彬 董亚超 程晓明 张勇 高德荣 |
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| 作者单位： | 1江苏里下河地区农业科学研究所/农业农村部长江中下游小麦生物学与遗传育种重点实验室,江苏扬州 2250072扬州大学江苏省粮食作物现代产业技术协同创新中心,江苏扬州2250093中国农业科学院作物科学研究所,北京100081 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家重点研发计划(2017YFD0100801);国家重点研发计划(2016YFD0101802);国家自然科学基金(31901544);国家现代农业产业技术体系建设专项(CARS-03-03B);国家现代农业产业技术体系建设专项(CARS-3-2-11);江苏省现代农业重点项目(BE2017340);江苏省重点研发计划(BE2018350);江苏省自然科学基金(BK20171279) |
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| 摘 要： | 【目的】 赤霉病严重危害中国乃至世界小麦的产量和品质,培育和种植抗病品种是控制赤霉病最经济、有效和安全的方法。Fhb1是国内外公认的抗赤霉病主效基因,通过筛选综合农艺性状优良的抗赤霉病品种,探明Fhb1在不同遗传背景下对小麦赤霉病抗性的影响,为小麦抗赤霉病育种提供理论依据和材料来源。【方法】 选取历年来长江中下游广泛种植的75份小麦改良品种和18份地方品种,2016—2018年连续3年采用单花滴注结合弥雾保湿进行供试品种的赤霉病抗扩展鉴定,根据3年平均病小穗率和严重度分级,将供试品种分成抗病（R级）、中抗（MR级）、中感（MS级）和感病（S级）,并利用Fhb1的KASP标记检测;2019年调查筛选出的平均赤霉病抗性水平达到中感及以上小麦品种的株高、穗粒数、小穗数、穗长和千粒重。【结果】3年赤霉病鉴定结果表明,供试品种中有2个品种平均赤霉病抗性达到R级,平均病小穗率范围为7.8%—9.7%,65个品种达到中抗至中感,平均病小穗率范围为13.2%—49.5%,26个品种达到S级,平均病小穗率范围为53.6%—78.5%。22个小麦品种在Fhb1位点呈抗病基因型（简称Fhb1+）,71个品种在该位点呈感病基因型（简称Fhb1-）,Fhb1+品种平均病小穗率显著低于Fhb1-品种（P<0.05）。赤霉病鉴定筛选得到67个抗性达到中感及以上水平的品种,考察这些品种的农艺性状发现宁麦19、扬麦29、扬麦16、扬麦23、扬糯麦1号、扬麦20、宁麦12和扬辐麦4号的株高、穗粒数和千粒重等综合农艺性状优良,可作为小麦抗赤霉病育种的亲本选用。【结论】除苏麦3号和望水白外,供试材料中未发现其他高抗赤霉病的种质资源。筛选得到的赤霉病抗性与综合农艺性状结合较好的小麦品种以扬麦品种为主,其中只有扬辐麦4号携带Fhb1抗病基因。利用Fhb1抗病基因并不是解决小麦赤霉病危害的唯一途径。
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| 关 键 词： | 小麦 赤霉病 抗扩展 Fhb1抗病基因 种质资源 农艺性状 |
| 收稿时间： | 2020-01-06 |
Screening for Resistance to Fusarium Head Blight and Agronomic Traits of Wheat Germplasms from Yangtze River Region |
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| WenJing HU,ChunMei ZHANG,Di WU,ChengBin LU,YaChao DONG,XiaoMing CHENG,Yong ZHANG,DeRong GAO.Screening for Resistance to Fusarium Head Blight and Agronomic Traits of Wheat Germplasms from Yangtze River Region[J].Scientia Agricultura Sinica,2020,53(21):4313-4321. |
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| Authors: | WenJing HU ChunMei ZHANG Di WU ChengBin LU YaChao DONG XiaoMing CHENG Yong ZHANG DeRong GAO |
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| Institution: | 1Lixiahe Institute of Agriculture Sciences/Key Laboratory of Wheat Biology and Genetic Improvement for Low & Middle Yangtze Valley, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Yangzhou 225007, Jiangsu2Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, Jiangsu3Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081 |
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| Abstract: | 【Objective】Fusarium head blight seriously damages the grain yield and quality in China as well as in the world. Breeding and cultivating resistant varieties is the most economical, effective and safe method to combat this disease. A prominent gene Fhb1 conferring stable FHB resistance with the major phenotypic has been the major source of resistance in wheat breeding. The aim of this study was to screen for resistant varieties with excellent agronomic traits and evaluate the effects of Fhb1 on FHB resistance under different genetic backgrounds, so as to provide theoretical basis and material source for wheat FHB resistance breeding. 【Method】75 cultivars and 18 landraces which have been widely planted in Yangtze river region over the years were selected to evaluate their FHB response using point inoculation from 2016 to 2018. The tested varieties were classified into four classes based on the average percentage of scabbed spikelets (PSS) for FHB severity, i.e. resistant (R), moderately resistant (MR), moderately susceptible (MS) and susceptible (S). KASP diagnostic markers for Fhb1 were used to genotype the tested varieties. In 2019 we investigated the agronomical characteristics such as plant height, kernels per spike and spikelet per spike of the varieties with ≤50% of PSS. 【Result】The results showed that there were 2 varieties with PSS of 7.8%-9.7%( R), 65 varieties with PSS of 13.2%-49.5% (MR-MS), and 26 varieties with PSS of 53.6%-78.5% (S). 22 varieties carried Fhb1 resistant allele (Fhb1+), 71 carried the Fhb1 susceptible allele (Fhb1-) and the average PSS of the Fhb1+ was significantly lower than that of the Fhb1-(P<0.05). There were 67 varieties showed an average PSS≤50%, of which Ningmai 19, Yangmai 29, Yangmai 16, Yangmai 23, Yangnuomai 1, Yangmai 20, Ningmai 12 and Yangfumai 4 could be used as FHB resistance donors in breeding, due to the combination of good FHB resistance and agronomic traits.【Conclusion】No variety with R were identified in this study except Sumai 3 and Wangshuibai. Some Yangmai varieties exhibited both good FHB resistance and comprehensive agronomic traits, of which only Yangfumai 4 carried the Fhb1 resistance gene. Utilizing Fhb1 is not the only way to combat FHB, and more FHB-resistant germplasms and new FHB-resistant genes should be studied and applied in breeding programs. |
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| Keywords: | wheat Fusarium head blight resistance to disease spread Fhb1 resistance gene germplasms agronomic traits |
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