| 4个石榴品种果实品质的差异性分析 |
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| 引用本文： | 卓热木·塔西,克热曼·赛米,伊丽米努尔,史彦江.4个石榴品种果实品质的差异性分析[J].经济林研究,2016(4):101-106. |
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| 作者姓名： | 卓热木·塔西 克热曼·赛米 伊丽米努尔 史彦江 |
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| 作者单位： | 1. 新疆林业科学院防沙治沙研究所,新疆乌鲁木齐,830063;2. 新疆林业科学院森林生态研究所,新疆乌鲁木齐,830063;3. 新疆林业科学院经济林研究所,新疆乌鲁木齐,830063 |
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| 基金项目： | 新疆维吾尔自治区财政林业科技专项资金资助项目“软籽，小籽石榴引进与繁育技术研究”；新疆林业厅计划项目“4个石榴品种果实品质的差异性分析”(XLK201456)。 |
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| 摘 要： | 为给石榴品种的品质评价和果实贮藏加工利用提供理论参考,以新疆维吾尔自治区叶城县的石榴主栽品种‘叶城1号’和‘叶城2号’以及河南省郑州市的石榴主栽品种‘突尼斯’与‘中农红’作为研究对象,测定和比较了4个石榴品种的果实表型特征指标、果实经济性状指标、果实内在品质指标及果实中8种营养元素的含量。结果表明:4个石榴品种在果实品质上存在不同水平的差异性,其中,‘突尼斯’的果形指数接近1,其果皮较薄,果皮质量也最低,果实可食率反而最高(66.54%±6.12%),比‘中农红’和‘叶城1号’‘叶城2号’分别高约10%、25%、20%,其果汁中的可溶性固形物和维生素C、钾和钙含量均较高;‘中农红’果实籽粒的含水量最多,其糖酸比也较高,果汁中锰、锌、铁和铜等微量元素的含量均较高;‘叶城1号’果实的纵横径均最高,果形指数却最低,其单果质量最高,为(435.33±75.97)g,但因其果皮厚度大和质量重,故其果实的可食率反而最低,为(41.582%±6.785%),其可溶性固形物和可溶性糖含量及磷和镁含量均最高;‘叶城2号’虽其单果籽粒颗数最多,因其籽粒较小,故其单果籽粒质量最低,其籽粒含水量也最低,而其可滴定酸含量较高,为(0.577%±0.110%)。4个石榴品种中,‘突尼斯’和‘中农红’均不耐贮运,均较适用于加工果汁或就地就近处理;‘叶城1号’和‘叶城2号’均较耐贮运,均较适于远地贮藏和运输。
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| 关 键 词： | 石榴 果实表型特征 果实经济性状 果实品质 营养成分 |
Difference analysis on fruit quality of four cultivars of pomegranate |
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| Abstract: | In order to provide some theoretical references for fruit quality evaluation and fruit storage and processing utilization of different cultivars of pomegranate, the main cultivated cultivars ‘Yecheng No.1’ and ‘Yecheng No.2’ in Yecheng of Xinjiang and ‘Tunisia’ and ‘Zhong-nonghong’ in Zhengzhou of Henan were used as tested materials, fruit phenotypic characteristic indexes, fruit economic characteristic indexes, fruit internal quality indexes and 8 kinds of nutrient element contents of the four cultivars of pomegranate were determined and compared. The results showed that fruit quality had some differences at different levels between four cultivars. Among them, the fruit shape index of ‘Tunisia’ was close to one, and peel was thin and had the lowest mass, but its fruit edible rate was the highest and reached (66.54%±6.12%), about higher 10%, 25% and 20% compared with ‘Zhong-nonghong’, ‘Yecheng No.1’ and ‘Yecheng No.2’, respectively. The contents of soluble solids, vitamin C, potassium and calcium in ‘Tunisia’ juice were higher. ‘Zhong-nonghong’ had higher water content in fruit grains and sugar acid ratio, and the contents of trace elements such as manganese, zinc, iron and copper in juice were also higher. ‘Yecheng No.1’ had the highest longitude and transverse diameters of fruits, the lowest fruit shape index, and the highest single fruit mass, (435.33±75.97) g. But fruit edible rate of ‘Yecheng No.1’ was the lowest, (41.582±6.785)%, due to high peel thickness and mass, and the contents of fruit soluble solids, soluble sugar, phosphorus and magnesium were the highest. Although ‘Yecheng No.2’ had moregrain number per fruit, the grain mass per fruit was the lowest because of less fruit grain, water content in grains was also the lowest, and the titratable acid content was higher, (5.77±0.110)%. Among the four cultivars of pomegranate, ‘Tunisia’ and ‘Zhong-nonghong’ was more suitable for processing fruit juices or using at local and nearby regional, due to intolerance of storage and transportation. ‘Yecheng No.1’ and ‘Yecheng No.2’ with more resistances of storage and transportation, were relatively suitable for remote storage and transportation. |
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| Keywords: | pomegranate fruit phenotypic characteristics fruit economic characterisitcs fruit quality nutrient components |
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