| 不同灌溉方式对水稻生育及产量的影响 |
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| 引用本文： | 金学泳,商文楠,曹海峰,张俊宝,孙 涛.不同灌溉方式对水稻生育及产量的影响[J].中国农学通报,2005,21(8):125-125. |
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| 作者姓名： | 金学泳 商文楠 曹海峰 张俊宝 孙 涛 |
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| 作者单位： | 东北农业大学,哈尔滨,150030 |
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| 基金项目： | 黑龙江省科技厅“农业创新工程”攻关项目“寒地超高产优质水稻新技术集成及其产业化”（G9982-8）. |
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| 摘 要： | 试验设A(浅湿干)、B(浅水)、C(浅深浅)三个不同灌溉方式处理，进行了处理间需水量、叶面蒸腾、棵间蒸发、渗透量的测定和生育期及生物学特性、分蘖消长、叶面积指数、干物质积累以及产量米质构成因素等的调查，研究了不同灌溉方式对水稻生育及产量的影响。结果表明：①处理间的需水量动态除叶面蒸腾出现A(浅湿干210.0mm)＞B(浅水204.5mm)＞C(浅深浅200.7mm)差异不明显的变化趋势外，需水量、棵间蒸发、田间渗漏、灌溉量均呈现 A(浅湿干)＜B(浅水)＜C(浅深浅)趋势，说明种植水稻在进一步节水上有很大的潜力；②处理间的生育期及积温有随田间灌水量的增加而略有延长的趋势，株高有随之增高的明显趋势，抗倒、抗病性为A(浅湿干)＞B(浅水)＞C(浅深浅)；③处理间分蘖消长基本相同，叶面积指数和干物质积累均呈A (浅湿干)＞B(浅水)＞C(浅深浅)的趋势；④处理间的产量构成因素只有结实率和千粒重有差异，并均呈A (浅湿干)＞B(浅水)＞C(浅深浅)趋势。同时，碾米品质的各项指标有A处理(浅湿干)＞B处理(浅水)＞ C处理(浅深浅)的趋势，而直链淀粉、胶稠度、蛋白质和味度值等指标则未表现出规律性变化趋势；⑤处理A(浅湿干)由于田面“水层期”较少，能明显减少棵间蒸发和渗漏，有较明显的节水效应和增产效应，并且米质不受大的影响，是最佳的高产节水灌溉方式。
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| 关 键 词： | 水稻 高产 灌溉方法 节水效应 |
| 收稿时间： | 2005-05-17 |
| 修稿时间： | 2005-05-172005-05-23 |
Effects of Different Irrigation Style on Rice Growing and Yield |
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| Jin Xueyong,Shang Wennan,Cao Haifeng,Zhang Junbao,Sun Tao.Effects of Different Irrigation Style on Rice Growing and Yield[J].Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin,2005,21(8):125-125. |
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| Authors: | Jin Xueyong Shang Wennan Cao Haifeng Zhang Junbao Sun Tao |
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| Institution: | (Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030) |
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| Abstract: | In this article, effects of different irrigation style on rice growing and yield were studied with three different irrigation style of A(shallow wet dry )、B(shallow)、C( shallow deep shallow), evapotranspiration、transpiration、evaporation、infiltration capacity were measured and growth period、biological characteristics、tiller growing、leaf area index、dry matter accumulation、yield and rice quality components were investigated. The results were showed as follows: ①Tendency of transpiration under different treatments were A(210.0mm)＞B(204.5mm)＞C(200.7mm) while evapotranspiration、evaporation、infiltration capacity all were A＜B＜C, these showed that there were great potentialities in further water-saving;②Growth period and accumulated temperature prolonged with the increase of irrigation quantity and plant height also increased, tendency of lodging resistance and disease resistance were A＞B＞C;③Tendency of leaf area index and dry matter accumulation were A＞B＞C;④Seed setting rate and 1000-grain weight existed difference and the tendency were A＞B＞C, tendency of indices of milling quality were A＞B＞C while amylose content、gel consistency、protein content and taste value under different treatments did not show regular change;⑤Did not have water layer most time, treatment A was the best water-saving irrigation style because it can decrease evaporation and infiltration capacity and it have obvious water-saving effect and high-yield effect. |
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| Keywords: | Rice High yield Irrigation style Water-saving effect |
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