| 赤水河春季浮游植物群落结构变化及其优势种生态位分析 |
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| 引用本文： | 魏 秘,朱爱民,王 瑞,胡菊香.赤水河春季浮游植物群落结构变化及其优势种生态位分析[J].水生态学杂志,2022,43(5):49-58. |
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| 作者姓名： | 魏 秘 朱爱民 王 瑞 胡菊香 |
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| 作者单位： | 水利部中国科学院水工程生态研究所,水利部中国科学院水工程生态研究所,水利部中国科学院水工程生态研究所,水利部中国科学院水工程生态研究所 |
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| 基金项目： | 水利部财政专项业务费项目水资源监测项目。 |
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| 摘 要： | 基于2011~2016年春季对赤水河4个断面浮游植物的调查，分析浮游植物群落结构变化及优势种生态位，揭示赤水河春季浮游植物群落变化规律、优势种的生态位分化及其环境适应性，为赤水河浮游植物群落结构特征研究提供基础资料。调查结果表明，6年间在赤水河共采集到浮游植物7门68属233种（变种），主要为硅藻，占比超过60.51%；浮游植物细胞密度在（17.28~136.68）×10^4cells/L之间波动，各段面浮游植物密度年际间变化无显著差异，浮游植物群落组成时间异质性较空间异质性明显，时空方差分解显示时间变异可解释总变异的24.5%，空间变异仅解释总变异的2%；浮游植物多样性指数显示2014年与2016年赤水河处于轻或无污染状态，2011~2013年与2015年受到中度人为影响。2011~2016年春季赤水河共出现优势种31种（变种），主要为广生态位和中生态位种，生态位重叠指数在同一门类物种中最高，在不同门类物种中最小。分析结果表明赤水河春季浮游植物对水生态环境的适应能力强，对水环境的变化有较好适应性。
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| 关 键 词： | 浮游植物 优势种 生态位 生物多样性指数 群落变化 |
| 收稿时间： | 2021/6/29 0:00:00 |
| 修稿时间： | 2021/9/28 0:00:00 |
Spring Phytoplankton Community Structure and Niche Analysis of Dominant Species in Chishui River |
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| WEI Mi,ZHU Ai-min,WANG Rui,HU Ju-xiang.Spring Phytoplankton Community Structure and Niche Analysis of Dominant Species in Chishui River[J].Journal of Hydroecology,2022,43(5):49-58. |
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| Authors: | WEI Mi ZHU Ai-min WANG Rui HU Ju-xiang |
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| Institution: | Institute of Hydroecology of Ministry of Water Resources and Chinese Academy of Sciences,Institute of Hydroecology of Ministry of Water Resources and Chinese Academy of Sciences,Institute of Hydroecology of Ministry of Water Resources and Chinese Academy of Sciences,Institute of Hydroecology of Ministry of Water Resources and Chinese Academy of Sciences |
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| Abstract: | The phytoplankton community structure and dominant species niche were analyzed based on the survey of phytoplankton in 4 sections of Chishui River during spring from 2011 to 2016. The law of phytoplankton community changes in spring, the niche differentiation of dominant species and their environmental adaptability were revealed to provide basic data for the study of the characteristics of the phytoplankton community structure in the Chishui River. A total of 233 species (variants) of 68 genera and 7 phyla of phytoplankton were collected in Chishui River from 2011 to 2016. Bacillariophyta are the most, accounting for more than 60.51%. The phytoplankton density fluctuates between 17.28~136.68×104cells/L. There is no significant difference in the inter-annual phytoplankton density of each section, and the temporal heterogeneity of phytoplankton community composition is more obvious than the spatial heterogeneity. The decomposition of temporal and spatial variance shows that temporal variability can explain 24.5% of the total variability, while spatial variability only explains 2%. Based on the evaluation of the phytoplankton diversity index, the Chishui River was in a light or no pollution state in 2014 and 2016, and it was moderately affected by humans from 2011 to 2013 and 2015. A total of 31 dominant species (variants) appeared in Chishui River in the spring of 2011-2016. The niche types of the dominant species of phytoplankton in Chishui River are mainly broad and middle niche. The average niche overlap index of dominant species is the highest among species in the same category and the smallest among species in different categories. The analysis results show that the phytoplankton in the Chishui River has a strong adaptability to the water ecological environment in spring, and has a good adaptability to the changes of the water environment. |
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| Keywords: | phytoplankton dominant species ecological niche biodiversity index community change |
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