| 保护性耕作破茬碎土刀设计与试验 |
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| 引用本文： | 赵淑红,王加一,杨超,陈佳奇,杨悦乾.保护性耕作破茬碎土刀设计与试验[J].农业机械学报,2019,50(9):57-68. |
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| 作者姓名： | 赵淑红 王加一 杨超 陈佳奇 杨悦乾 |
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| 作者单位： | 东北农业大学工程学院 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家重点研发计划项目（2016YFD0300803）、黑龙江省博士后科研启动基金项目（LBH-Q16026)和黑龙江省应用技术研究与开发计划重大项目（GA16B401） |
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| 摘 要： | 针对深松作业时残留土块较大、破茬作业中机组载重过大等问题,设计了与深松铲互作效应的破茬碎土刀。结合机构互作效应时的运动学分析及深松铲的田间试验,确定破茬碎土刀刃口曲线与地面夹角为10°～70°,破茬碎土刀最小半径为180 mm,中间半径为215 mm,最大半径为235 mm,深松铲与破茬碎土刀的最小间隙为20 mm,并运用离散元仿真试验为机构配合设计的合理性提供依据。田间性能试验表明,互作效应装置与参照指标相比,破茬比率提高10. 92%、碎土率提高6. 04%、耗油量降低31. 39%;田间对比试验表明,互作效应的破茬碎土刀比分离作用的破茬碎土刀、圆盘刀、缺口破茬刀,在相同工况下,平均破茬比率分别增加了3. 53%、19. 38%、8. 86%;在不同工况下,比分离作用的圆盘刀,平均载质量降低20 kg,破茬比率提高13. 8%,耗油量减小7%,平均载质量降低40 kg,破茬比率提高5. 82%,耗油量减小21. 82%,比分离作用的缺口破茬刀,平均载质量降低20 kg,破茬比率提高4. 5%,耗油量减小12. 79%。因此与深松铲互作效应的破茬碎土刀,在降低载质量时性能较优。
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| 关 键 词： | 破茬碎土刀 深松铲 高速摄像 离散元 田间试验 |
| 收稿时间： | 2018/10/7 0:00:00 |
Design and Experiment of Stubble Chopper under Conservation Tillage |
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| ZHAO Shuhong,WANG Jiayi,YANG Chao,CHEN Jiaqi and YANG Yueqian.Design and Experiment of Stubble Chopper under Conservation Tillage[J].Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery,2019,50(9):57-68. |
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| Authors: | ZHAO Shuhong WANG Jiayi YANG Chao CHEN Jiaqi and YANG Yueqian |
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| Institution: | Northeast Agricultural University,Northeast Agricultural University,Northeast Agricultural University,Northeast Agricultural University and Northeast Agricultural University |
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| Abstract: | There will be some problems when subsoiling, such as the large residual of clods and heavy load of the device. The interactional subsoiller-stubble was designed for solving these problems. According to the kinematics analysis and field test, the excursion of the included angle between the blade curve and the ground was sure to be 10°~70°, the minimum radius of the stubble chopper was 180mm, the middle radius was 215mm, the maximum radius was 235mm, and the minimum distance between subsoiler and stubble chopper was 20mm. The design was verified to be reasonable by discrete element simulation experiment. The field test indicated that to compare the interactional device with reference indicator, the stubble ratio was increased by 10.92%, the rate of crushing soil was increased by 6.04% and the oil consumption was decreased by 31.39%. Contrast test showed that under the same operating mode, to compare interactional subsoiler-stubble chopper with subsoiler-stubble chopper, cutting disc and the stubble chopper with breach, the average stubble ratio was increased respectively by 3.53%, 19.38% and 8.86%;under different operating modes, compared with subsoiler-cutting disc, when the average load was decreased by 20kg, the stubble ratio was increased by 13.8%, when the average load was decreased by 40kg, the stubble ratio was increased by 5.82%;compared with the stubble chopper with breach, when the average load was decreased by 20kg, the stubble ratio was increased by 4.5%, and the oil consumption was decreased by 12.79%. The interactional device had a better performance when the load was reduced. |
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| Keywords: | stubble chopper subsoiler high speed camera discrete element field test |
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