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The emergence of Schmallenberg virus across Culicoides communities and ecosystems in Europe |
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| Authors: | Thomas Balenghien Nonito Pagès Maria Goffredo Simon Carpenter Denis Augot Elisabeth Jacquier Sandra Talavera Federica Monaco Jérôme Depaquit Colette Grillet Joan Pujols Giuseppe Satta Mohamed Kasbari Marie-Laure Setier-Rio Francesca Izzo Cigdem Alkan Jean-Claude Delécolle Michela Quaglia Rémi Charrel Andrea Polci Emmanuel Bréard Valentina Federici Catherine Cêtre-Sossah Claire Garros |
| Institution: | 1. Cirad, UMR15 CMAEE, F-34398 Montpellier, France;2. INRA, UMR1309 CMAEE, F-34398 Montpellier, France;3. Centre de Recerca en Sanitat Animal (CReSA), UAB-IRTA, Campus de la Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra (Cerdanyola del Vallès), Spain;4. Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale dell’Abruzzo e del Molise, Campo Boario, 64100 Teramo, Italy;5. The Pirbright Institute, Ash Road, Woking, Surrey GU24 0NF, United Kingdom;6. Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, ANSES, SFR Cap Santé, EA4688 - USC « VECPAR », Reims, France;g Istituto Zooprofilattico della Sardegna, Via Duca degli Abruzzi 8, Sardinia, Italy;h EID Méditerranée, 34184 Montpellier, France;i UMR_D 190 “Emergence des Pathologies Virales”, Aix Marseille Univ, IRD French Institute of Research for Development, EHESP French School of Public Health, 13005 Marseille, France;j IHU Mediterranee Infection, APHM Public Hospitals of Marseille, 13005 Marseille, France;k IPPTS, 67000 Strasbourg, France;l ANSES, UMR Virologie, Maisons-Alfort, France |
| Abstract: | Schmallenberg virus (SBV), a novel arboviral pathogen, has emerged and spread across Europe since 2011 inflicting congenital deformities in the offspring of infected adult ruminants. Several species of Culicoides biting midges (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae) have been implicated in the transmission of SBV through studies conducted in northern Europe. In this study Culicoides from SBV outbreak areas of mainland France and Italy (Sardinia) were screened for viral RNA. The role of both C. obsoletus and the Obsoletus complex (C. obsoletus and C. scoticus) in transmission of SBV were confirmed in France and SBV was also discovered in a pool of C. nubeculosus for the first time, implicating this species as a potential vector. While collections in Sardinia were dominated by C. imicola, only relatively small quantities of SBV RNA were detected in pools of this species and conclusive evidence of its potential role in transmission is required. |
| Keywords: | Arbovirus Vector competence Ceratopogonidae Orthobunyavirus Bunyaviridae |
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