| 氮磷钾配施对红小豆干物质积累、产量和效益的影响 |
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| 引用本文： | 王乐政,华方静,曹鹏鹏,田艺心,高凤菊.氮磷钾配施对红小豆干物质积累、产量和效益的影响[J].核农学报,2019,33(10):2058-2067. |
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| 作者姓名： | 王乐政 华方静 曹鹏鹏 田艺心 高凤菊 |
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| 作者单位： | 德州市农业科学研究院,山东德州,253015;德州市农业科学研究院,山东德州,253015;德州市农业科学研究院,山东德州,253015;德州市农业科学研究院,山东德州,253015;德州市农业科学研究院,山东德州,253015 |
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| 基金项目： | 山东省现代农业产业技术体系杂粮创新团队建设专项资金项目(SDAIT-5-01),德州市农业科学研究院科研基金项目(2018-02) |
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| 摘 要： | 为探明夏播红小豆氮(N)、磷(P)、钾(N)肥配施最佳用量,采用“3414”肥料效应试验设计方案,研究氮、磷、钾肥配施对夏播红小豆干物质积累、产量和效益的影响,分析施肥因子间的交互作用,并建立以施肥量为变量,以红小豆干物质积累、产量和效益为目标函数的肥料效应模型。结果表明,13个施肥处理下红小豆的平均干物质积累量和平均产量分别是不施肥处理的1.26倍和1.17倍,且差异显著(P<0.05);与不施肥处理相比,过量施氮处理和缺氮处理的效益显著降低,而过量施钾处理间无显著差异,其他11个施肥处理的效益均显著提高,平均提高11.05%。随着氮、磷、钾施肥水平的提高,红小豆干物质积累、产量和效益均呈先增加后降低的趋势,施用氮、磷、钾肥料对干物质积累影响依次表现为N>P>K,对产量、效益影响程度依次表现为N>K>P,肥料的农学利用率均以减量施肥最高;施肥因子间存在一定的交互作用,氮磷和氮钾对红小豆的干物质积累、产量和效益呈正交互作用,磷钾对红小豆的干物质积累呈正交互作用,对产量和效益呈负交互作用;以红小豆干物质积累、产量和效益的综合优化为目标,对函数模型进行优化筛选,得出在该试验条件下红小豆干物质积累≥6 500 kg·hm-2、产量≥2 350 kg·hm-2、效益≥17 800元·hm-2的氮磷钾配施优化组合为施氮量(N)67.6~76.4 kg·hm-2、施磷量(P2O5)85.8~105.0 kg·hm-2、施钾量(K2O)52.5~67.5 kg·hm-2,其比例为N∶P2O5∶K2O=1∶0.99∶0.75。本研究结果为红小豆生产上实现经济、高效施肥提供了理论依据和技术支持。
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| 关 键 词： | 红小豆 肥料效应 交互作用 产量 效益 |
| 收稿时间： | 2018-06-15 |
Effect of Nitrogen,Phosphorus and Potassium Combined Application on Dry Matter Accumulation,Yield and Economic Benefits of Adzuki Bean |
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| WANG Lezheng,HUA Fangjing,CAO Pengpeng,TIAN Yixin,GAO Fengju.Effect of Nitrogen,Phosphorus and Potassium Combined Application on Dry Matter Accumulation,Yield and Economic Benefits of Adzuki Bean[J].Acta Agriculturae Nucleatae Sinica,2019,33(10):2058-2067. |
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| Authors: | WANG Lezheng HUA Fangjing CAO Pengpeng TIAN Yixin GAO Fengju |
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| Institution: | Dezhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Dezhou, Shandong 253015 |
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| Abstract: | To explore optimum fertilizer application levels of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium, the “3414” fertilizer experiment was conducted to study the effects of combined application nitrogen(N), phosphorus(P) and potassium(K) combined application on dry matter accumulation, yield and economic benefits of summer adzuki bean. By analyzing the interaction effect of fertilizer factors, a ternary quadratic model was established with fertilizer application levels as variables dry matter accumulation, yield and well as economic benefits as objective functions. Results showed that the mean value of dry matter accumulation and the mean value of yield of 13 fertilization treatments were 1.26 and 1.17 folds that of no fertilization treatment, respectively with significant differences (P<0.05). Compare with no fertilization treatment, excessive N fertilization and decrement N fertilization had lower economic benefits, while excessive K fertilization had no significant difference, and the other treatments had higher economic benefits by average 11.05%. With the increase of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium application, the dry matter accumulation, grain yield and economic benefits first increased and then decreased. The influence factors followed the order of as N>P>K for dry matter accumulation and N>K>P for grain yield. Each decrement fertilization had the highest agronomic use efficiency. The fertilization of N, P and K had interaction effect: N and P as well as N and K both had positive effect on dry matter accumulation, grain yield and economic benefits: P and K had positive effect on dry matter accumulation and negative effect on grain yield and economic benefits. Through integrated optimizing of dry matter accumulation, grain yield and economic benefits, and the model screening, the results showed that the optimum combination for dry matter accumulation≥6 500 kg·hm-2, yield≥2 350 kg·hm-2, economic benifits≥17 800 yuan·hm-2 were N 67.6~76.4 kg·hm-2, P2O5 85.8~105.0kg·hm-2, K2O 52.5~67.5kg·hm-2, respectively, and their proportion for N∶P2O5∶K2O was 1∶0.99∶0.75. This study provided theoretical supports on fertilizer utilization economically and efficiently for summer adzuki bean production. |
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| Keywords: | adzuki bean fertilizer response interaction effect yield economic benefits |
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