| 食用菌原位高值化利用林间低值材效果初探 |
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| 引用本文： | 申爱荣,郭向荣,陈景震,杨硕知,曾粮斌,谭著明.食用菌原位高值化利用林间低值材效果初探[J].湖南林业科技,2016(3):43-48. |
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| 作者姓名： | 申爱荣 郭向荣 陈景震 杨硕知 曾粮斌 谭著明 |
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| 作者单位： | 1. 湖南省林业科学院林下经济研究所，湖南长沙 410004; 湖南省林业科学院菌根性食用菌研究与开发中心，湖南长沙 410004;2. 桂东县林业局,湖南桂东,423500;3. 湖南省林业科学院林下经济研究所,湖南长沙,410004;4. 中国农业科学院麻类研究所,湖南长沙,410205 |
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| 基金项目： | 湖南省科技厅项目“食药用菌原位转化利用林地剩余物的关键技术研究”(2013NK3058)。 |
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| 摘 要： | 以湖南省林业科学院院内林荫道杜英修剪枝材、试验林场板栗林间伐、修剪产生的低值材为原料,利用香菇、木耳、灵芝等腐生性食药用菌菌种之不同菌型就地接种上述常规作业剩余物,测定各菌种在三种基质上的生长和产菇情况,结果表明:1用于原位接种林荫道杜英修剪枝、板栗林修剪枝及林间非目的树种泡桐的菌种可选毛木耳、香菇、野生平菇、糙皮侧耳等食用菌品种。2不同菌种不同菌型应用效果有差异。香菇宜选用子弹头菌型,其萌动时间、菌丝布满段木时间和子实体平均发生时间最短,分别为17.2天、45.6天和80.4天,第一批生物学转化率最高,为37.49%。毛木耳、野生平菇可用牙签菌型,子实体平均发生时间分别为85.8天、53.1天,第一批生物学转化率分别为39.58%、32.40%。以树皮封口的方式,牙签菌型的污染率最低。3利用食用菌原位接种板栗枝可达到板栗修枝的目的,节约人工,提高效益。
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| 关 键 词： | 食用菌 原位接种 林间低值材 |
Preliminary study of inoculation in situ to low value wood material with edible fungus with high value |
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| Abstract: | Twigs cut from the trees of Elaeocarpus decipiens along the boulevard within campus of Hunan Academy of For-estry and pruned from trees of chestnut as well as the low value timber thinned in the chestnut forest in the Experimental Forest Farm were used as materials for inoculation of edible fungi. Using Lentinus edodes,agaric,Ganoderma lucidum and other saprophytic edible-medicinal fungi to create different type of fungi inoculation body on the spot the remainder,the fungi in the three kinds of substrate growth and the yield of mushroom are measured. Results show that:① Auricularia polytricha,Lentinus edodes,wild Pleurotus ostreatus,Pleurotus ostreatus and other varieties of edible fungi for effective use of optional in situ experimental culture. ②There are differences in the application of different strains of different in-oculation type. Lentinus edodes should use bullet type,the germination time (17.2 days),mycelium covered time with wood period (45.6 days)and fruiting time (80.4 days)are shortest than other fugi,the first batch of biological trans-formation rate is the highest at 37.49%. Auricularia polytricha and wild Pleurotus ostreatus should use toothpicks type, the fruiting body of toothpicks type occurrence time is the shortest,respectively,85.8 days,53.1 days;the first batch of biological transformation rate is the highest,respectively 39.58%,32.40%. The contamination rate of toothpicks type is the lowest. ③Using of edible fungi can reach the purpose of chestnut pruning,that does not affect the yield of Chinese chestnut,and reduce the cost of pruning,but also improve the pruning efficiency. |
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| Keywords: | edible fungi situ inoculation the low value timber of forest |
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