| 生物有机材料对滨海盐碱土的改良效果 |
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| 引用本文： | 周文志,孙向阳,李素艳,张乐.生物有机材料对滨海盐碱土的改良效果[J].浙江农业学报,2019,31(4):607. |
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| 作者姓名： | 周文志 孙向阳 李素艳 张乐 |
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| 作者单位： | 北京林业大学 林学院,北京 100083 |
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| 基金项目： | 林业公益性行业科研专项(201504205) |
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| 摘 要： | 针对河北省滨海盐碱土盐碱化程度高、盐分毒害突出的问题,选取生物炭和园林废弃物堆肥对该地区的滨海盐碱土进行改良研究。设计2因素4水平试验(园林废弃物堆肥设置4个施用水平:0、20、40、80 g·kg-1,分别用G0,G1、G2、G3表示;生物炭设置4个施用水平:0、10、20、40 g·kg-1,分别用B0、B1、B2、B3表示),开展室内土壤培养,测定土壤pH、电导率(EC)、钠吸附比(SAR)、土壤饱和导水率,以及Cl-、$SO^{2-}_{4}$、有机质含量等土壤理化指标的变化,探索生物炭和园林废弃物堆肥等生物有机材料对滨海地区盐碱土改良的效果。结果表明:当生物炭施用量一定时,除B1水平下土壤pH无显著变化外,G2、G3处理的土壤pH显著(P<0.05)低于G0处理。当园林废弃物堆肥施用量一定时,B3处理显著(P<0.05)升高土壤的pH。在不施用生物炭的情况下,单独施入园林废弃物堆肥显著(P<0.05)降低土壤EC。在G0和G1条件下,施用少量的生物炭(B1)亦可显著(P<0.05)降低土壤EC。适量施用生物炭或园林废弃物堆肥均可显著(P<0.05)降低土壤的SAR。G3条件下,添加生物炭会显著(P<0.05)降低土壤$SO^{2-}_{4}$含量。当生物炭施用量一定时,G3处理的土壤$SO^{2-}_{4}$含量较G0处理显著(P<0.05)增加。相较于不施用生物炭和园林废弃物堆肥的处理,施用B3水平的生物炭或G3水平的园林废弃物堆肥可显著(P<0.05)降低土壤Cl-含量。在相同的园林废弃物堆肥或生物炭用量条件下,增加生物炭或园林废弃物堆肥可显著(P<0.05)提高土壤有机质含量,适当增加生物炭或园林废弃物堆肥也可显著(P<0.05)提高土壤饱和导水率。总体来看,采用适量的生物炭和园林废弃物堆肥配施,既能提升土壤肥力,又能降低盐碱土壤的pH和盐分含量。
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| 关 键 词： | 滨海盐碱土 生物炭 园林废弃物堆肥 化学改良 |
| 收稿时间： | 2018-09-26 |
Ameliorative effect of bioorganic material on coastal saline soil |
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| ZHOU Wenzhi,SUN Xiangyang,LI Suyan,ZHANG Le.Ameliorative effect of bioorganic material on coastal saline soil[J].Acta Agriculturae Zhejiangensis,2019,31(4):607. |
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| Authors: | ZHOU Wenzhi SUN Xiangyang LI Suyan ZHANG Le |
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| Institution: | College of Forestry, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China |
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| Abstract: | Biochar and green waste composting were selected to improve the coastal saline-alkali soil, in order to solve the problem of high salinity of coastal saline-alkali soil in Hebei Province. A two-factor four-level test (application rate of green waste composting was set as 0, 20, 40, 80 g·kg-1 and denoted as G0, G1, G2, G3, respectively; application rate of biochar was set as 0, 10, 20, 40 g·kg-1, and denoted as B0, B1, B2, B3, respectively) was designed and carried out through indoor soil culture. The dynamics of soil physical and chemical indicators, including soil pH, electrical conductivity (EC), sodium adsorption ratio (SAR), soil saturated hydraulic conductivity, and contents of Cl-, $SO^{2-}_{4}$, organic matter were determined to explore the ameliorative effect of bioorganic material on costal saline soil. It was shown that soil pH showed no significant change with varied green waste composting application under B1 treatment. Except that, soil pH of G2 and G3 treatment was significantly (P<0.05) lower than that of G0 with the same biochar application rate. With the certain green waste composting application rate, B3 treatment significantly (P<0.05) increased soil pH. Without biochar addition, application of green waste composting significantly (P<0.05) reduced soil EC. Under G0 and G1 condition, application of biochar in B1 level significantly (P<0.05) reduced soil EC. Application of appropriate rate of biochar or green waste composting significantly (P<0.05) reduced soil SAR. Under G3 condition, addition of biochar significantly (P<0.05) lowered the content of soil $SO^{2-}_{4}$. With the same application rate of biochar, soil $SO^{2-}_{4}$ content of G3 treatment was significantly (P<0.05) higher than that of G0 treatment. Compared with B0G0 treatment, application of biochar in B3 level or green waste composting in G3 level significantly (P<0.05) reduced soil Cl- content. Under the same application rate of biochar or green waste composting, addition of biochar or green waste composting significantly (P<0.05) increased soil organic matter, and application of appropriate biochar or green waste composting could significantly (P<0.05) increase soil saturated hydraulic conductivity. Overall, application of appropriate amount of biochar and green waste composting could both improve soil fertility and reduce soil pH and salinity. |
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| Keywords: | coastal saline-alkali soil biochar garden waste compost chemical improvement |
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