| 不同群体文冠果种实性状变异特征 |
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| 引用本文： | 张毅,敖妍,刘觉非,赵磊磊,由海德.不同群体文冠果种实性状变异特征[J].浙江农林大学学报,2019,36(5):1037-1043. |
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| 作者姓名： | 张毅 敖妍 刘觉非 赵磊磊 由海德 |
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| 作者单位： | 1.北京林业大学 省部共建森林培育与保护教育部重点实验室, 北京 1000832.赤峰市林业种苗站, 内蒙古 赤峰 0240003.赤峰市翁牛特旗林业局, 内蒙古 赤峰 024500 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家自然科学基金青年基金资助项目31600241中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金项目2015ZCQ-LX-02中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金项目2019GJZL02 |
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| 摘 要： | 从中国文冠果Xanthoceras sorbifolium主要分布区，选取7个群体共1 044个单株进行种实采集，每株树采用四分法选取20个果实、50粒种子，对12个种实性状进行观测。采用方差分析、相关性分析、聚类分析等方法，探讨文冠果群体间、群体内种实性状变异规律。结果显示:①群体间种实性状差异均极显著（P < 0.01），单位投影面积种子产量（CV=46.39%），结果数（CV=45.32%）等产量性状的变异系数较大。果形指数（CV=8.84%），种子横径（CV=11.50%）等种实形态性状的变异系数较小。②文冠果种实性状在群体间（表型分化系数为67.86%）和群体内变异（表型分化系数为32.14%）都较为丰富，且种实性状在群体间的变异大于群体内变异。③单位投影面积种子产量与果质量（r=0.786），结果数（r=0.782）和每果种子数（r=0.688）极显著正相关；种子含油量与每果种子数（r=0.765），种子横径（r=0.662），果实横径（r=0.627）和果实纵径（r=0.541）极显著正相关。④UPGMA聚类将7个群体分为3类。研究结果表明:朱代沟（ZDG）群体的单位投影面积种子产量（平均0.13 kg·m-2），每果种子数（平均17.6粒），结果数（平均77.7个）和果质量（平均3.67 kg）等产量性状均优于其他群体，可作为高产型种质资源收集的重点群体；坤都（KD）和承德（CD）群体种子含油量（平均0.35 g·g-1）高于其他群体，可作为高油型种质资源收集的重点群体。
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| 关 键 词： | 植物学 文冠果 种实性状 变异规律 表型分化 |
| 收稿时间： | 2018-11-22 |
Variable fruit and seed characteristics of Xanthoceras sorbifolium in different populations |
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| ZHANG Yi,AO Yan,LIU Juefei,ZHAO Leilei,YOU Haide.Variable fruit and seed characteristics of Xanthoceras sorbifolium in different populations[J].Journal of Zhejiang A&F University,2019,36(5):1037-1043. |
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| Authors: | ZHANG Yi AO Yan LIU Juefei ZHAO Leilei YOU Haide |
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| Institution: | 1.Key Laboratory for Silviculture and Conservation of Ministry of Education, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China2.Forestry Seedling Station of Chifeng City, Chifeng 024000, Inner Mongolia, China3.Wengniuteqi Forestry Bureau of Chifeng, Chifeng 024500, Inner Mongolia, China |
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| Abstract: | To determine the variable patterns of fruit and seed characteristics for Xanthoceras sorbifolium within and among populations, fruits and seeds of 1 044 individuals were collected from seven populations in the main distribution areas. 20 fruits and 50 seeds were selected from each individual by quadruple method to measure 12 fruit and seed characteristics. Analysis of variance, correlation analysis, and cluster analysis were used for the analyses. Results showed that (1) there were highly significant(P < 0.01) differences in fruit and seed characteristics among populations. Relatively high variation coefficients were observed in yield characteristics including seed yield per unit projective area(CV=46.39%)and fruit number(CV=45.32%). However, relatively low variation coefficients occurred in fruit and seed form characteristics including fruit shape index(CV=8.84%)and seed width(CV=11.50%). (2) There were significant variations in fruit and seed characteristics within(Vst=32.14%) and among(Vst=67.86%) populations. Variation in fruit and seed characteristics among populations was greater than that within populations. (3) Moreover, seed yield per unit projective area was highly significant (P < 0.01) and positively correlated with fruit weight (r=0.786), fruit number (r=0.782) and seed number per fruit (r=0.688). There were also highly significant (P < 0.01) and positive correlations between seed oil concentration and seed number per fruit (r=0.765), seed width (r=0.662), fruit width(r=0.627) and fruit length (r=0.541). (4) According to results of a cluster analysis, seven populations were divided into three groups. The Zhudaigou (ZDG) population was superior to other populations in yield characteristics including seed yield per unit projective area(0.13 kg·m-2), seed number per fruit(17.6), fruit number(77.7), and fruit weight(3.67 kg). However, the seed oil concentration(0.35 g·g-1) in Kundu (KD) and Chengde (CD) populations were higher than other populations. Thus, ZDG could be used for high-yield, germplasm resource collection, and KD and CD populations could be used for high-oil, germplasm resource collection. |
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