The effects of artificial substrate and stocking density on Pacific white shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) performance and water quality dynamics in high tunnel-based biofloc systems |
| |
| Institution: | 1. School of Fisheries, Aquaculture and Aquatic Sciences, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, USA;2. World Wildlife Fund, Washington, DC 20037, USA;1. School of Geographical Sciences, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350007, PR China;2. Key Laboratory of Humid Subtropical Eco-geographical Process of Ministry of Education, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350007, PR China;3. Department of Geography and Resource Management, and Centre for Environmental Policy and Resource Management, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong, China;4. Department of Thematic Studies-Environmental Change, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden;5. Research Centre of Wetlands in Subtropical Region, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350007, PR China;1. Central Institute of Brackishwater Aquaculture (ICAR), 75, Santhome High Road, MRC Nagar, Chennai 600 028, India;2. Kakdwip Research Centre, Central Institute of Brackishwater Aquaculture (ICAR), Kakdwip, South 24 Parganas, West Bengal 743 347, India |
| |
| Abstract: | The use of artificial substrates in shrimp aquaculture may allow for production of shrimp at increased densities while providing a growth medium for microbes that assist with water quality processes and provide supplemental nutrition for shrimp. Greenhouse-based shrimp production systems can extend the shrimp production season in temperate climates while conserving water and energy. For this study, we evaluated the effects of providing extra substrate and shrimp density on water quality and shrimp production in greenhouse-based biofloc systems. Four 11-m3, wood framed, and rubber-lined tanks were constructed in each of four high tunnel greenhouses (for a total of 16 tanks). Four treatments were evaluated: high-density stocking with substrate (HDS), high-density stocking with no substrate (HDNS), low-density stocking with substrate (LDS), and low-density stocking with no substrate (LDNS). Each treatment was randomly assigned to one tank in each tunnel to block for location. No artificial heat was used, and shrimp were grown for 120 days. High-density systems were stocked at 200 shrimp/m³ while low-density tanks had 100 shrimp/m³. Adding substrate increased total in-tank surface area by 13.4%. The addition of substrate had no significant effect on any shrimp production or standard water quality parameters. Shrimp had significantly greater final weight, faster growth rate, and lower feed conversion rate in low-density treatments (P ≤ 0.02 for all). Total shrimp biomass production was significantly higher in high-density treatments (HD: 4.0 kg/m3; LD: 2.3 kg/m3; P < 0.05). There were no significant differences in survival between densities (HD: 91.3%; LD: 94.5%; P = 0.43). Peak and overall mean nitrite levels were significantly higher in high-density treatments compared to low-density treatments. Dissolved oxygen levels and pH over the course of the study were significantly lower in high-density treatments, likely due to increased respiration rates in the water column. This project shows the feasibility of shrimp production in temperate climates with no artificial heat using high tunnel greenhouses, few impacts of added substrate on shrimp production, and increased shrimp density can result in much larger harvests with few negative impacts on production metrics. |
| |
| Keywords: | Biofloc Shrimp High tunnels Density Substrate |
| 本文献已被 ScienceDirect 等数据库收录！ |
|
