| 围网养殖对华阳河湖鱼类群落结构的影响 |
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| 引用本文： | 谢涵,蒋忠冠,夏治俊,郭婉昀.围网养殖对华阳河湖鱼类群落结构的影响[J].水产学报,2018,42(9):1399-1407. |
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| 作者姓名： | 谢涵 蒋忠冠 夏治俊 郭婉昀 |
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| 作者单位： | 安徽大学资源与环境工程学院 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家自然科学基金（31600438）；安徽高校自然科学研究项目（KJ2016A789） |
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| 摘 要： | 为了发展渔业生产,人们将大量自然湖泊通过围网的方式投放鱼苗进行养殖。目前,这种养殖模式对鱼类群落的影响没有得到有效的评估。本研究于2016年在华阳河湖围网养殖区和非养殖区分别设置采样点对鱼类进行季度调查,探讨围网养殖对鱼类群落结构的影响。结果显示,在围网养殖区共采集鱼类6目12科35属46种,非养殖区采集鱼类6目11科40属57种,其中以鲤形目种类最多,分别占养殖区和非养殖区鱼类总数的65.22%和63.16%。非养殖区的优势种为?和短颌鲚,而鲢、鳙是围网养殖区的优势种。与非养殖区相比,围网养殖区山溪河流性鱼类百分比从21.05%降低至15.22%。通过双因素方差分析解析养殖与季节对鱼类群落结构的影响,发现围网养殖区的鱼类密度、物种数、优势度指数都显著低于非养殖区,而均匀度指数显著高于非养殖区。通过SIMPER分析得出,造成养殖区和非养殖群落结构差异的重要贡献物种为短颌鲚、?、鲤、太湖短吻银鱼、鲫、鱵、鲢和鳙。
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| 关 键 词： | 鱼类 围网养殖 群落结构 生物多样性 华阳河湖 |
| 收稿时间： | 2017/6/29 0:00:00 |
| 修稿时间： | 2017/9/29 0:00:00 |
The impacts of enclosure aquaculture on fish community inthe Huayanghe Lake |
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| XIE Han,JIANG Zhongguan,XIA Zhijun and GUO Wanyun.The impacts of enclosure aquaculture on fish community inthe Huayanghe Lake[J].Journal of Fisheries of China,2018,42(9):1399-1407. |
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| Authors: | XIE Han JIANG Zhongguan XIA Zhijun and GUO Wanyun |
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| Institution: | School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Anhui University, Hefei 230601, China,School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Anhui University, Hefei 230601, China,School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Anhui University, Hefei 230601, China and School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Anhui University, Hefei 230601, China |
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| Abstract: | A large number of natural lakes have experienced severe disturbances of the enclosure aquaculture for fish farming purposes. Nevertheless, the impacts of the enclosure aquaculture on fish fauna are still largely unknown. We hence evaluated the impacts of enclosure aquaculture on fish communities based on seasonal fishery survey in enclosure (EA) and non-enclosure aquaculture area (NEA) in the Huayanghe Lake in 2016. A total of 46 (belonging to 6 orders, 12 families, 35 genera) and 57 fish species (belonging to 6 orders, 11families, 40 genera) were collected in EA and NEA, with dominant Cyprinidae accounting for 65.22% and 63.16% of the total respectively. The dominant species in NEA were Hemiculter leucisculu and Coilia brachygnathus while Hypophthalmichthys molitrix and Aristichthys nobilis were dominant in EA. The percentage of riverine species in EA declined from 21.05% to 15.22% compared with NEA. The Richness index, fish density and the Margalef''s diversity index were significantly lower, whereas the Pielou''s diversity index were significantly higher in EA than in NEA. The fish fauna differences between EA and NEA were determined by the abundance of Coilia brachygnathus, H. leucisculus, Cyprinus carpio, Neosalanx tangkahkeii, Carassius auratus, Hemirhamphus kurumeus, H. molitrix and A. nobilis. |
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| Keywords: | fish enclosure aquaculture community structure biodiversity the Huayanghe Lake |
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