Decolorization of Azo,Triphenylmethane and Anthraquinone Dyes by Laccase of a Newly Isolated <Emphasis Type="Italic">Armillaria</Emphasis> sp. F022 |
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| Authors: | Tony Hadibarata Abdull Rahim Mohd Yusoff Azmi Aris Salmiati Topik Hidayat Risky Ayu Kristanti |
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| Institution: | (1) Institute of Environmental and Water Research Management, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310 Skudai, Johor, Malaysia;(2) Department of Biological Science, Faculty of Bioscience and Bioengineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310 Skudai, Johor, Malaysia;(3) Department of Biology Education, Faculty of Mathematic and Natural Science, University of Education (UPI) Bandung, Jalan Dr. Setiabudhi No. 229, Bandung, 40154, Indonesia;(4) Department of Research, Interdisciplinary Graduate School of Medicine and Engineering, University of Yamanashi, 4-3-11, Takeda, Kofu Yamanashi, 400-8511, Japan |
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| Abstract: | A newly isolated white-rot fungus, Armillaria sp. strain F022, was isolated from the decayed wood in a tropical rain forest. Strain F022 was capable of decolorizing a
variety of synthetic dyes, including azo, triphenylmethane, and anthraquinone dyes, with an optimal efficiency of decolorization
obtained when dyes added after 96 h of culture, with the exception of Brilliant Green. All of the tested dyes were decolorized
by the purified laccase in the absence of any redox mediators, but only a few were completely removed, while others were not
completely removed even when decolorization time was increased. The laccase, with possible contributions from unknown enzymes,
played a role in the decolorization process carried out by Armillaria sp. F022 cultures, and this biosorption contributed a negligible part to the decolorization by cultures. The effect of dye
to fungal growth was also investigated. When dyes were added at 0 h of culture, the maximum dry mycelium weight (DMW) values
in the medium containing Brilliant Green were 1/6 of that achieved by the control group. For other dyes, the DMW was similar
with control. The toxic tolerance of dye for the cell beads was excellent at least up to a concentration of 500 mg/l. The
optimum conditions for decolorization of three synthetic dyes are at pH 4 and 40°C. |
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