| 山药不同种植模式对土壤线虫群落结构和土壤理化性质的影响 |
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| 引用本文： | 范琳娟,刘子荣,徐雪亮,王奋山,彭德良,姚英娟.山药不同种植模式对土壤线虫群落结构和土壤理化性质的影响[J].浙江农业学报,2021,33(2):316. |
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| 作者姓名： | 范琳娟 刘子荣 徐雪亮 王奋山 彭德良 姚英娟 |
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| 作者单位： | 1.江西省农业科学院 农业应用微生物研究所,江西 南昌3302002.中国农业科学院 植物保护研究所,北京 100094 |
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| 基金项目： | 江西省重点研发计划(20203BBF63032);江西省农业科研协同创新项目(JXXTCX202108);江西省现代农业产业技术体系建设专项(JXARS-19-06) |
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| 摘 要： | 为明确山药不同种植模式(两茬间隔0、3、6、10 a,分别记为YPI-0、YPI-3、YPI-6和YPI-10)对土壤环境的影响,以土壤线虫群落和土壤理化性质为分析指标,采用线虫形态学鉴定方法和土壤常规分析方法进行研究,以期为通过改变种植模式防治植物寄生线虫提供理论依据。结果表明,不同种植模式下土壤pH值,及有机质、速效钾含量无显著差异,但YPI-6和YPI-10处理的土壤速效磷含量显著(P<0.05)低于YPI-0和YPI-3处理。苗期和成熟期,YPI-10处理土壤中食细菌线虫的相对丰度显著(P<0.05)高于YPI-0处理,而植物寄生线虫的相对丰度显著(P<0.05)低于YPI-0处理。冗余分析结果显示,垫刃线虫属(Tylenchus)、根结线虫属(Meloidogyne)、短体线虫属(Pratylenchus)的数量与土壤速效磷、速效钾含量呈显著(P<0.05)正相关,大部分食细菌线虫的数量与土壤pH值,及有机质、铵态氮含量呈显著(P<0.05)正相关。苗期和成熟期,不同种植模式下土壤线虫的Shannon多样性指数(H’)、优势度指数(λ)无显著差异;线虫通路比值(NCR)均大于0.5,表明山药不同种植模式下土壤有机质的分解均以细菌降解为主;瓦斯乐斯卡指数(WI)和自由生活线虫成熟度指数(MI)在YPI-6和YPI-10处理下显著(P<0.05)高于YPI-0处理,而植物寄生线虫成熟度指数(PPI)与MI之比(PPI/MI)显著(P<0.05)低于YPI-0处理。综上,增加山药种植间隔期改变了山药土壤线虫群落结构,不仅使有害的植物寄生线虫丰度大幅降低,也使土壤生态系统更加成熟,健康程度明显提高,随着间隔年限的增加,其效果更佳。
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| 关 键 词： | 山药 种植模式 土壤线虫 土壤性质 |
| 收稿时间： | 2020-07-17 |
Effects of different planting patterns on soil nematode community structure and soil properties of Chinese yam field |
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| FAN Linjuan,LIU Zirong,XU Xueliang,WANG Fenshan,PENG Deliang,YAO Yingjuan.Effects of different planting patterns on soil nematode community structure and soil properties of Chinese yam field[J].Acta Agriculturae Zhejiangensis,2021,33(2):316. |
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| Authors: | FAN Linjuan LIU Zirong XU Xueliang WANG Fenshan PENG Deliang YAO Yingjuan |
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| Institution: | 1. Institute of Applied Agricultural Micro-Organisms, Jiangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanchang 330200, China
2. Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100094, China |
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| Abstract: | To investigate the effects of different planting patterns (two stubble intervals of 0, 3, 6, 10 years, recorded as YPI-0, YPI-3, YPI-6 and YPI-10, respectively) on soil environment, nematode classification methods and conventional soil analysis methods were adopted to reveal the effects of different planting patterns on soil nematode community and soil properties of Chinese yam yield at the seedling stage and maturity stage, to provide references for the control of plant parasitic nematodes by changing planting patterns of Chinese yam. The resultd showed that different planting patterns had no significant effect on soil pH value, and contents of organic matter and available potassium. But the content of available phosphorus under treatment of YPI-6 and YPI-10 was significantly (P<0.05) lower than that under YPI-0 and YPI-3 treatments. Meanwhile, compared with YPI-0, the relative abundance of bacterivores under treatments of YPI-10 at the seedling stage and maturity stage increased significantly (P<0.05), while the relative abundance of plant parasites was significantly (P<0.05) decreased. Redundancy analysis (RDA) indicated that the number of Tylenchus, Meloidogyne and Pratylenchus had significantly (P<0.05) positive correlations with soil available phosphorus and available potassium, and the number of most bacterivores had significantly (P<0.05) negative correlations with soil pH, and contents of organic matter, ammonium nitrogen. The Shannon diversity index (H’) and dominance index (λ) had no significant change under different planting patterns at both seedling stage and maturity stage, and the nematode channel ratio (NCR) value was all higher than 0.5, which indicated that the decomposition of soil organic matter under different planting patterns was mainly bacterial degradation, and the Wasilewska index (WI) and maturity index (MI) under treatments of YPI-6 and YPI-10 were significantly (P<0.05) higher than those under YPI-0 treatment, while the performance of plant parasite index (PPI) to MI (PPI/MI) was the opposite. In conclusion, increasing the two stubble interval of Chinese yam changed the community of soil nematodes, which not only reduced the abundance of harmful plant parasites, but also made the soil ecosystem mature and healthy, and the effect was better with the increasing interval years. |
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| Keywords: | Chinese yam planting patterns soil nematode soil properties |
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