| 基于热裂解气质联用(Py-GC/MS)技术的土壤有机质化学研究 |
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| 引用本文： | 马书琴,德吉央宗,秦小静,陈有超,胡扬,汪子微,鲁旭阳.基于热裂解气质联用(Py-GC/MS)技术的土壤有机质化学研究[J].浙江农林大学学报,2021,38(5):985-999. |
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| 作者姓名： | 马书琴 德吉央宗 秦小静 陈有超 胡扬 汪子微 鲁旭阳 |
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| 作者单位： | 1.河南师范大学 旅游学院，河南 新乡 4530072.中国科学院、水利部成都山地灾害与环境研究所，四川 成都 6100413.西藏自治区生态环境监测中心，西藏 拉萨 8500004.河南理工大学 测绘与国土信息工程学院，河南 焦作 4540005.中国科学院 武汉植物园，湖北 武汉 4300746.中国科学院大学，北京 100049 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家自然科学基金资助项目(41877338，31901198)；河南师范大学博士科研启动课题(qd18052)；西藏自治区自然科学基金资助项目(XZ2017ZR G-97) |
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| 摘 要： | 土壤有机质(soil organic matter, SOM)是陆地生态系统的重要组成部分，在土壤元素的生物地球化学循环中扮演重要角色，植物源、微生物源和动物源有机残留物的微生物和物理化学转化导致了SOM化学成分的复杂性和多样性，进而使得解析SOM结构和组成具有一定的挑战性。近年来，热裂解气质联用 (pyrolysis-gas chromatography/mass spectrometry，Py-GC/MS)技术被广泛用于测定SOM的结构和化学组成，实现了对SOM化学成分的定性和半定量分析。本研究在分析SOM组成及来源的基础上，综述了目前基于Py-GC/MS技术研究SOM化学组成的研究成果，主要包括SOM化学组成和其来源的前体物质及特殊SOM化学成分解析，评估SOM的稳定性，探讨土壤物质循环过程，研究SOM对气候变化和土地利用方式的响应机制。研究表明:①不同生态系统SOM的化学组成存在一定差异，这是由于不同植物来源的化合物在土壤中的积累过程和初始凋落物的化学成分直接影响着SOM化学组成，②SOM化学组成和外界环境条件密切相关，影响SOM含量和动态过程的最重要因子是气候，它通过影响植被类型分布、光合作用物质生成量和土壤微生物活性调节SOM的化学组成，土地利用方式、野火、耕作方式等也影响着SOM的含量和组成。基于Py-GC/MS技术从SOM的本质，也就是SOM化学成分和化学组成角度揭示土壤生态过程及其对气候变化和人类活动的响应机制是未来的研究方向。图1参107
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| 关 键 词： | 土壤有机质 土壤生态 土壤化学 气候变化 热裂解气质联用(Py-GC/MS) |
| 收稿时间： | 2020-11-23 |
Soil organic matter chemistry based on pyrolysis-gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (Py-GC/MS) technology: a review |
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| MA Shuqin,Degyiyongzom,QIN Xiaojing,CHEN Youchao,HU Yang,WANG Ziwei,LU Xuyang.Soil organic matter chemistry based on pyrolysis-gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (Py-GC/MS) technology: a review[J].Journal of Zhejiang A&F University,2021,38(5):985-999. |
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| Authors: | MA Shuqin Degyiyongzom QIN Xiaojing CHEN Youchao HU Yang WANG Ziwei LU Xuyang |
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| Abstract: | Soil organic matter (SOM), an important component of ecosystems, plays an important role in the biogeochemical cycling of soil nutrients. However, it is difficult to analyze SOM chemistry due to its complexity and diversity resulting from microbial and physicochemical transformations of organic residues from plants, microorganisms and animals. Pyrolysis-gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (Py-GC/MS) is a fast and reproducible technique to obtain qualitative and quantitative analysis of SOM chemistry, in which has been commonly used in recent years. This paper summarized the components and sources of SOM, accordingly, reviewed the literature which study on chemical composition of SOM with Py-GC/MS technology. The basic theoretical studies of SOM chemistry with Py-GC/MS technology mainly focus on: the chemical composition of SOM and precursor substances from which it is derived, the analysis of specific SOM chemical components, SOM responses to climate change and land use change, and the effects of SOM chemistry on soil processes and functions. The application of Py-GC/MS technology on SOM chemistry included: evaluating the stability of SOM, investigating the cycling of soil nutrition and the succession process of ecosystem. This study showed that: (1) There are some differences in SOM chemical composition among different ecosystems, because the accumulation of compounds from different plants and the mechanisms related to the chemical composition of initial litter can directly influenced the chemical composition of SOM; (2) The SOM chemical composition is closely related to the external environmental conditions and is the result of the comprehensive influence of several factors. For instance, climate is the most important factor that influenced the content and dynamic of SOM by affecting the distribution of vegetation, photosynthetic production and soil microbial activity. Besides, nitrogen deposition, land use change, wildfire and tillage pattern also can influence the contents and qualities of SOM. Overall, it is important to investigate the SOM-related ecological process and the mechanism of SOM response to climate change and human activities, from the perspective of the essence of SOM (chemical composition and structure) based on Py-GC/MS technology. Ch, 1 fig. 107 ref.] |
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