| 不同施肥和灌溉水平对三七生长特性和发病率的影响 |
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| 引用本文： | 刘艳伟,周潇,杨启良,茶品元.不同施肥和灌溉水平对三七生长特性和发病率的影响[J].浙江农业学报,2021,33(8):1426. |
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| 作者姓名： | 刘艳伟 周潇 杨启良 茶品元 |
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| 作者单位： | 昆明理工大学 农业与食品学院,云南 昆明 650500 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家自然科学基金(51979134);云南省基础研究计划(202101AT070125);大学生创新创业训练计划(202010674117) |
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| 摘 要： | 为了探究利于三七生长发育和降低发病率的灌溉施肥模式。以3年生三七为研究对象,采用大田试验,试验共设置3个灌水水平:W1(低水,0.5FC,FC为田间持水量)、W2(中水,0.7FC)、W3(高水,0.9FC),设置4个施肥水平:F1、F2、F3、F4,全年施肥量均为96 kg·667m-2,根增重期∶苗期∶花期∶果期的施肥比例分别为25%∶25%∶25%∶25%、20%∶25%∶30%∶25%、15%∶30%∶30%∶25%和10%∶40%∶20%∶30%。分析生育期不同施肥量和灌溉耦合对三七生长特性、光合特性、干物质积累和发病率的影响。结果表明:W2F4处理的地上部分鲜重、地上部分干重、根鲜重、根干重都最大,其苗期和果期的株高和茎粗也最大;茎粗增量最大的处理为W1F3和W2F3,株高增长量最大的处理为W2F3和W2F4;三七花期的净光合速率(Pn)、叶片瞬时水分利用效率(WUE)和光能利用效率均高于果期;6、7、8月发病率较低的处理为W2F4和W2F3。综上可知,适当的水分胁迫和苗期、果期增肥有利于提高三七产量,降低发病率。
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| 关 键 词： | 三七 水肥耦合 根系结构 干物质积累 光合特性 发病率 |
| 收稿时间： | 2020-10-20 |
Effects of fertilization ratio and irrigation level on growth characteristics and incidence rate of Panax notoginseng |
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| LIU Yanwei,ZHOU Xiao,YANG Qiliang,CHA Pinyuan.Effects of fertilization ratio and irrigation level on growth characteristics and incidence rate of Panax notoginseng[J].Acta Agriculturae Zhejiangensis,2021,33(8):1426. |
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| Authors: | LIU Yanwei ZHOU Xiao YANG Qiliang CHA Pinyuan |
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| Institution: | Faculty of Agriculture and Food, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650500, China |
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| Abstract: | In order to explore the irrigation and fertilization mode which was conducive to the growth and development of Panax notoginseng and reduce the incidence of disease. Taking 3-year-old P. notoginseng as material, the field experiment was adopted, and the experiment set a total of three irrigation levels: W1 (low water, 0.5FC, FC was field water holding capacity), W2 (medium water, 0.7FC), W3 (high water, 0.9FC), and four fertilization levels: F1, F2, F3, F4, the annual fertilization amount was 96 kg·667m-2, the fertilization ratios of root weight gaining stage: seedling stage: flowering stage: fruiting stage were 25%∶25%∶25%∶25%, 20%∶25%∶30%∶25%, 15%∶30%∶30%∶25% and 10%∶40%∶20%∶30%, respectively. Effects of different fertilizer rates during the growth period and irrigation coupling on the growth characteristics, photosynthetic characteristics, dry matter accumulation and incidence of P. notoginseng were analyzed. The results showed that fresh weight and dry weight of the above-ground part, fresh weight and dry weight of roots, plant height and stem thickness in the seedling and fruiting stages in W2F4 treatment were the largest. The largest increase in stem thickness was W1F3 and W2F3 treatments, and the largest increase in plant height was W2F3 and W2F4 treatments. Net photosynthetic rate (Pn), leaf instantaneous water use efficiency (WUE) and light energy use efficiency in the flowering stage of P. notoginseng were higher than those in the fruiting stage. W2F4 and W2F3 treatments had low incidence in June, July and August. In summary, it could be seen that proper water stress and fertilizer increase in seedling and fruit stage were beneficial to increase the yield of Panax notoginseng and reduce the incidence of disease. |
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| Keywords: | Panax notoginseng water and fertilizer coupling root structure dry matter accumulation photosynthetic characteristics morbidity |
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