| 边界线法解析冀中南麦区基础地力产量的土壤养分影响因子 |
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| 引用本文： | 黄少辉,贾良良,杨云马,刘克桐.边界线法解析冀中南麦区基础地力产量的土壤养分影响因子[J].农业工程学报,2019,35(6):141-148. |
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| 作者姓名： | 黄少辉 贾良良 杨云马 刘克桐 |
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| 作者单位： | 1. 河北省农林科学院农业资源环境研究所，石家庄 050051；3. 中国农业科学院农业资源与农业区划研究所，北京 100081,1. 河北省农林科学院农业资源环境研究所，石家庄 050051；,1. 河北省农林科学院农业资源环境研究所，石家庄 050051；,2. 河北省农业厅土壤肥料总站，石家庄 050021； |
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| 基金项目： | 国家重点研发计划（2016YFD0200105，2017YFD02017070）；河北省自然科学基金（C2016301025）；河北省农林科学院农业资源环境与绿色增长创新团队项目 |
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| 摘 要： | 基础地力产量是表征土壤生产能力的重要指标,对基础地力产量及土壤养分影响因子的研究可为河北省中南部冬小麦产区地力提升及增产提供指导和理论依据。该文利用河北省2006—2013年测土配方施肥项目布置的876个示范试验数据,研究了河北中南部冬小麦基础地力产量、产量差及基础地力贡献率,利用边界线分析方法,将农田土壤养分因子对基础地力产量差的贡献率进行了定量化,解析了土壤养分影响因子。结果表明:河北冬小麦基础地力产量在1 080～7 404 kg/hm~2之间;以最高产量为参照,各试验点的基础地力产量差为69～6 324 kg/hm~2(平均值为2 831 kg/hm~2)。基础地力对农户产量的贡献率均值为71.1%,基础地力贡献率随基础地力产量的增加而提高,呈显著正相关关系,基础地力小麦产量每提高1 000 kg/hm~2,基础地力贡献率提高8%。应用边界线分析方法对土壤养分因子与基础地力产量进行分析,土壤pH、有机质、碱解氮、有效磷和速效钾5种土壤养分因子与边界点均有较好的拟合关系(R2分别为0.837、0.881、0.750、0.682和0.951),土壤基础养分对基础地力产量差的贡献率以有机质、pH值和碱解氮最高,分别为16.6%、10.9%和10.5%,速效钾和有效磷的贡献率分别为4.1%和2.9%,河北省农田土壤培肥时应优先提升有机质与碱解氮,并优先调节土壤pH。河北省冬小麦田土壤在pH值8.1、有机质24.6 g/kg、碱解氮120.6 mg/kg、有效磷12.4 mg/kg、速效钾89 mg/kg时养分效率最高,是农田土壤最优养分目标。边界线方法能够对区域尺度基础地力产量土壤养分影响因子进行分析,可为农田土壤培肥指明方向。
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| 关 键 词： | 土壤 肥力 边界线分析 基础地力 产量 影响因子 |
| 收稿时间： | 2018/8/22 0:00:00 |
| 修稿时间： | 2019/2/10 0:00:00 |
Analysis on soil nutrient influencing factors of winter wheat yield gaps of basic soil productivity by boundary line method in central and southern Hebei province |
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| Huang Shaohui,Jia Liangliang,Yang Yunma and Liu Ketong.Analysis on soil nutrient influencing factors of winter wheat yield gaps of basic soil productivity by boundary line method in central and southern Hebei province[J].Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering,2019,35(6):141-148. |
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| Authors: | Huang Shaohui Jia Liangliang Yang Yunma and Liu Ketong |
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| Institution: | 1. Institute of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Hebei Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Shijiazhuang 050051, China; 3. Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China,1. Institute of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Hebei Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Shijiazhuang 050051, China;,1. Institute of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Hebei Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Shijiazhuang 050051, China; and 2. Soil and Fertility Station of Hebei Province, Shijiazhuang 050021, China; |
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| Abstract: | Abstract: Basic soil productivity is an important indicator of soil production ability and it can ensure wheat yield stabilization for food security. The improvement of basic soil productivity can increase the production potential of farmland, increase the yield, control the amount of fertilizer in the appropriate range, reduce agricultural environmental pollution, and establish an environmental-friendly cropping pattern. Basic soil productivity can be characterized by crop yield without fertilization and has significant correlation with soil nutrients. Central and southern Hebei province is one of the main wheat producing areas in China. The analysis of yield nutrient influencing factors will benefit the soil fertility improvement and yield increasing in Hebei Province. Using 876 winter wheat demonstration field trails'' data, which come from the national soil testing and fertilizer formulation project in Hebei province from 2006 to 2013, we studied the basic wheat yield and basic yield gaps distributions and analyzed the basic yield contribution rates. Soil fertility index including soil organic matter, available nitrogen, available phosphorus, available potassium and soil pH were selected as influencing factors of yield in this study. We quantified the contribution rates of each soil nutrient factor to the basic yield gap of soil productivity by using the boundary line analysis method. The result showed that the yield of basic soil productivity was between 1 080 and 7 404 kg/hm2 with an average of 4 573 kg/hm2. Compared with the maximum yield, the yield gap was from 69 to 6 324 kg/hm2 with the mean value of 2 831 kg/hm2. The average contribution rate of basic soil productivity was 71.1%. There was great potential to increase grain yield. The contribution rates of basic soil productivity were significantly positively correlated with the increase of basic yield. When the basic yield increased by 1 000 kg/hm2, the soil contribution rates increased by 8%. The increase of soil basic soil productivity led to the increase of contribution rates of basic soil productivity. Models were constructed by boundary line analysis to fit the relationships between soil nutrient factors and basic soil productivity. We found that the yield boundary point of the soil nutrient factors all had good fitting relationships. The pH simulation was quadratic curve, and soil organic matter, available nitrogen, available phosphorus and available potassium were quadratic platform curve. The soil organic matter had the highest contribution rate to the basis soil productivity yield gaps, which was 16.6%, followed by pH and available nitrogen with the contribution rate of 10.9% and 10.5%, respectively. The contribution rates of available potassium and available phosphorus were 4.1% and 2.9%, respectively. The results suggest that the soil organic matter, pH and available nitrogen may be the primary factors improving fertility in Hebei province. The boundary line analysis also showed that the soil nutrient factors of pH value 8.1, organic matter 24.6 g/kg, available nitrogen 120.6 mg/kg, available phosphorus 12.4 mg/kg and available potassium 89 mg/kg were suitable for obtaining high yield of winter wheat. The boundary line analysis can be used to analyze regional scale soil nutrient factors for yield limiting, and guide the direction of soil fertility improvement for increasing basic yield productivity. |
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| Keywords: | soils fertility boundary line analysis basic soil productivity yield influencing factors |
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