| 六盘山半干旱区华北落叶松林土壤水分时空变化与影响因素 |
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| 引用本文： | 韩新生,王彦辉,于澎涛,熊伟,李振华,蔡进军,许浩.六盘山半干旱区华北落叶松林土壤水分时空变化与影响因素[J].水土保持学报,2019,33(1):111-117. |
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| 作者姓名： | 韩新生 王彦辉 于澎涛 熊伟 李振华 蔡进军 许浩 |
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| 作者单位： | 1. 宁夏农林科学院荒漠化治理研究所, 宁夏防沙治沙与水土保持重点实验室, 银川 750002;2. 中国林业科学研究院森林生态环境与保护研究所, 国家林业和草原局森林生态环境重点实验室, 北京 100091;3. 新乡学院生命科学技术学院, 河南 新乡 453000 |
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| 基金项目： | 宁夏回族自治区全产业链创新示范项目（QCYL-2018-12）；国家重点研发计划项目（2017YFC0504600；2016YFC0501702）；国家自然科学基金项目（41671025）；国家科技支撑计划项目（2015BAC01B01）；国家林业和草原局宁夏六盘山森林生态定位站和宁夏回族自治区生态修复与多功能林业综合研究中心项目 |
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| 摘 要： | 分析森林土壤湿度时空变异规律,研究植被蒸腾、林地蒸散和气象因子对土壤湿度的影响,对干旱地区的植被恢复、林水协调管理和植被生态水文功能提升都有重要意义。在宁夏六盘山北侧半干旱的叠叠沟小流域,建立了华北落叶松人工林标准样地,利用气象站、热扩散探针、微型蒸渗仪、时域反射仪等设备,同步监测了2013年7—10月的气象条件、林木蒸腾、林地蒸散、土壤湿度的动态变化,并分层(0—20,20—40,40—60,60—80cm)探讨了土壤湿度的主要影响因子。结果表明:(1)受随机降雨事件影响,土壤湿度呈现相应的脉冲性变化;整体而言,表层(0—20cm)土壤湿度(32.69%)较低,以下各层较高(40.00%左右);土壤湿度的变异程度随土层加深和降雨增大而逐渐减弱。(2)影响土壤湿度的主要气象因子为温度、饱和水汽压差和气压;林木蒸腾和林地蒸散与整个研究期间主根系层(0—60cm)土壤湿度的相关性显著。(3)土壤湿度与各因子的相关系数随土层加深而变小,在主根系层明显,在以下土层(60—80cm)不明显。综上可知,森林土壤湿度同时受降水输入和蒸散输出影响,各土层湿度的时间变化规律相似;但表层土壤的湿度低、变幅大,土壤湿度对影响因子的响应敏感性和变幅随土层加深而逐步缩小。
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| 关 键 词： | 土壤湿度 林地蒸散 林木蒸腾 气象条件 华北落叶松 |
| 收稿时间： | 2018/9/14 0:00:00 |
Temporal and Spatial Variation and Influencing Factors of Soil Moisture in Larix principis-rupprechtii Plantation in Semiarid Liupan Mountains, Northwest China |
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| HAN Xinsheng,WANG Yanhui,YU Pengtao,XIONG Wei,LI Zhenhu,CAI Jinjun,XU Hao.Temporal and Spatial Variation and Influencing Factors of Soil Moisture in Larix principis-rupprechtii Plantation in Semiarid Liupan Mountains, Northwest China[J].Journal of Soil and Water Conservation,2019,33(1):111-117. |
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| Authors: | HAN Xinsheng WANG Yanhui YU Pengtao XIONG Wei LI Zhenhu CAI Jinjun XU Hao |
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| Institution: | 1. Ningxia Key Laboratory of Desertification Control and Soil and Water Conservation, Institute of Desertification Control, Ningxia Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Yinchuan 750002;2. Key Laboratory of Forestry Ecology and Environment of National Forestry and Grassland Administration, Institute of Forest Ecology, Environment and Protection, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing 100091;3. School of Life Science and Technology, Xinxiang University, Xinxiang, Henan 453000 |
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| Abstract: | Understanding the temporal and spatial variation of soil moisture of forest and studying the effects of vegetation transpiration, forest floor evapotranspiration and meteorological factors on soil moisture are important to vegetation restoration, integrated forest-water management and the improvement of the eco-hydrological functions of forest/vegetation in the arid regions. A stand plot of Larix principis-rupprechtii plantation was established in the semiarid Diediegou small watershed on the north side of Liupan Mountains, Ningxia. Meteorological conditions, forest transpiration, forest floor evapotranspiration and soil moisture during July to October in 2013 were simultaneously monitored by automatic meteorological station, thermal diffusion probes, micro-lysimeters and time domain reflectometry. The soil moisture was monitored in the layers of 0-20, 20-40, 40-60 and 60-80 cm, to explored the main factors affecting the soil moisture. The results showed that:(1) Affected by the random rainfall events, the soil moisture showed corresponding pulse variation. On the whole, the mean soil moisture (32.69%) of the surface layer (0-20 cm) was relatively lower than that of the layers followed (about 40.00%). The variation range of soil moisture decreased gradually with the increasing of soil depth and rainfall amount. (2) The main meteorological factors influencing soil moisture were temperature, saturation vapor pressure deficit and atmospheric pressure. The forest transpiration and forest floor evapotranspiration had a significant correlation with the soil moisture of the main root zone (0-60 cm) during the whole study period. (3) The correlation coefficients between soil moisture and all the influencing factors decreased with the increasing of soil depth, which were significant in the main root zone, but no longer significant in the soil layers below (60-80 cm). In summary, the forest soil moisture was affected by both the precipitation input and evapotranspiration output. The temporal variation of soil moisture in each soil layer was similar. However, the soil moisture of surface layer was low and with a larger variation range. The sensitivity and amplitude of soil moisture to the influencing factors decreased gradually with the increasing of soil depth. |
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| Keywords: | soil moisture forest floor evapotranspiration forest transpiration meteorological condition Larix principis-rupprechtii plantation |
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