| 低损伤组合式玉米脱粒分离装置设计与试验 |
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| 引用本文： | 樊晨龙,崔涛,张东兴,杨丽,屈哲,李玉环.低损伤组合式玉米脱粒分离装置设计与试验[J].农业机械学报,2019,50(4):113-123. |
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| 作者姓名： | 樊晨龙 崔涛 张东兴 杨丽 屈哲 李玉环 |
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| 作者单位： | 中国农业大学,中国农业大学,中国农业大学,中国农业大学,中国农业大学,中国农业大学 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家重点研发计划项目（2016YFD0700300、2016YFD0300300）和国家现代玉米产业技术体系建设项目（CARS-02） |
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| 摘 要： | 针对现有籽粒直收型玉米收获机脱粒分离装置在收获高含水率玉米时存在籽粒破碎率高、脱净率低、籽粒夹带损失大、玉米苞叶易堵塞凹板的问题,设计了一种低损伤圆头钉齿与分段组合式圆管型脱粒凹板相配合的脱粒分离装置。分析了脱粒元件与果穗、果穗与凹板之间的接触模型,确定了玉米脱粒装置最优脱粒元件的结构参数、最佳的凹板组合形式。以籽粒破碎率和未脱净率为试验指标,以脱粒元件排布方式和不同凹板组合形式为试验因素,进行了台架试验,确定了较优组合为:圆头钉齿等高排布且最优球头半径为12. 5 mm,凹板最佳组合形式为圆管右向+直圆管(前疏后密型),并与常规梯形杆齿和栅格式凹板组成的脱粒分离装置进行了田间对比试验。试验结果表明:籽粒破碎率由13. 73%降低至8. 64%,未脱净率由0. 6%降低至0. 2%;未出现玉米苞叶堵塞凹板问题。
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| 关 键 词： | 玉米收获机 籽粒直收型 脱粒分离装置 纵轴流 低损伤 |
| 收稿时间： | 2018/10/19 0:00:00 |
Design and Test of Low-damage Combined Corn Threshing and Separating Device |
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| FAN Chenlong,CUI Tao,ZHANG Dongxing,YANG Li,QU Zhe and LI Yuhuan.Design and Test of Low-damage Combined Corn Threshing and Separating Device[J].Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery,2019,50(4):113-123. |
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| Authors: | FAN Chenlong CUI Tao ZHANG Dongxing YANG Li QU Zhe and LI Yuhuan |
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| Institution: | China Agricultural University,China Agricultural University,China Agricultural University,China Agricultural University,China Agricultural University and China Agricultural University |
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| Abstract: | The longitudinal axial flow corn kernel harvester threshing separation device has high grain breakage rate during the threshing process, low removal rate, large loss of grain entrainment, and problem of clogging the concave plate by corn leaf. Aiming at the above problems, based on the collision contact theory, a degranulation separation device with low-damage round head nail teeth and segmented combined round tube threshing concave plate was designed. Combined with the physical properties of corn kernels, the relative critical velocity of the mechanical stress damage of the corn, the structural parameters of the optimal threshing element and the optimal gravure combination were determined. Based on the test factors of grain breakage rate and free removal rate, a comparison test was carried out with a conventional threshing rod and grid concave plate. It was determined through experiments that the optimal threshing element was a round head nail (equal height) and the optimal ball head radius was 12.5mm. The best gravure combination form was the right pipe and straight pipe (front sparse and rear dense). Under the optimal combination of parameters, the grain breakage rate of the threshing device was decreased from 13.73% to 8.64%;the unremoved rate was decreased from 0.6% to 0.2%. The device offered an effective solution for the problem of conventional grid gravure blocked by corn stalks, which met the design requirements and provided theoretical guidance for the design of corn threshing separation. |
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| Keywords: | maize harvesting machine type of direct grain threshing and separating device vertical axial flow low damage |
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