| 不同氮量和密度对吉单96冠层特性及产量的影响 |
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| 引用本文： | 杨粉团,曹庆军,李贺,曹欣欣,李刚,于洪浩,姜晓莉,孔凡丽.不同氮量和密度对吉单96冠层特性及产量的影响[J].玉米科学,2019,27(3):134-139. |
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| 作者姓名： | 杨粉团 曹庆军 李贺 曹欣欣 李刚 于洪浩 姜晓莉 孔凡丽 |
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| 作者单位： | 吉林省农业科学院, 长春 130033;东北作物生理生态与耕作重点实验室, 长春 130033,吉林省农业科学院, 长春 130033;东北作物生理生态与耕作重点实验室, 长春 130033,梨树县农业技术推广总站, 四平 梨树 136503,吉林省农业科学院, 长春 130033;东北作物生理生态与耕作重点实验室, 长春 130033,吉林省农业科学院, 长春 130033;东北作物生理生态与耕作重点实验室, 长春 130033,梨树县农业技术推广总站, 四平 梨树 136503,吉林省农业科学院, 长春 130033,吉林省农业科学院, 长春 130033;东北作物生理生态与耕作重点实验室, 长春 130033 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家重点研发计划项目（2017YFD0300603）、吉林省农业科学院创新团队项目（CXGC2017TD011） |
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| 摘 要： | 在大田条件下设置纯氮用量0、150、225、300和375 kg/hm~2共5个氮肥量级和6万、7万、8万、9万和10万株/hm~2共5个密度梯度,研究不同氮肥量级条件和不同密度梯度下吉单96的冠层生理及结构指标、产量及产量构成指标。结果表明,冠层叶绿素含量的敏感时期为大喇叭口期和抽雄期,其中,大喇叭口期叶片叶绿素含量受氮肥影响最大,抽雄期叶片叶绿素含量受密度影响最大。225～300 kg/hm~2施氮量且分配60%的追肥可以保持冠层叶绿素在较高水平;叶面积指数受密度调控更显著,7.7万～8.0万株/hm~2为试验最适密度,可维持最大叶面积指数在5.5左右。在中高肥力条件下,采用7.7万～8.0万株/hm~2的种植密度和225～300 kg/hm~2的施氮量,可维持冠层结构和功能,协调穗粒数和百粒重同步增长,产量可达到12 780.9 kg/hm~2。
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| 关 键 词： | 玉米 吉单96 施氮量 密度 冠层 产量 |
| 收稿时间： | 2018/6/21 0:00:00 |
Effects of Nitrogen Fertilizer Application Rate and Planting Density on Canopy Characteristic and Yield of Maize Variety Jidan96 |
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| YANG Fen-tuan,CAO Qing-jun,LI He,CAO Xin-xin,LI Gang,YU Hong-hao,JIANG Xiao-li and KONG Fan-li.Effects of Nitrogen Fertilizer Application Rate and Planting Density on Canopy Characteristic and Yield of Maize Variety Jidan96[J].Journal of Maize Sciences,2019,27(3):134-139. |
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| Authors: | YANG Fen-tuan CAO Qing-jun LI He CAO Xin-xin LI Gang YU Hong-hao JIANG Xiao-li and KONG Fan-li |
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| Institution: | Jilin Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun 130033;Key Laboratory of Crop Ecophysiology and Farming System in Northeast China, Ministry of Agriculture, Changchun 130033,Jilin Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun 130033;Key Laboratory of Crop Ecophysiology and Farming System in Northeast China, Ministry of Agriculture, Changchun 130033,Center for Popularization of Agricultural Technology of Lishu County, Lishu 136503, China,Jilin Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun 130033;Key Laboratory of Crop Ecophysiology and Farming System in Northeast China, Ministry of Agriculture, Changchun 130033,Jilin Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun 130033;Key Laboratory of Crop Ecophysiology and Farming System in Northeast China, Ministry of Agriculture, Changchun 130033,Center for Popularization of Agricultural Technology of Lishu County, Lishu 136503, China,Jilin Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun 130033 and Jilin Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun 130033;Key Laboratory of Crop Ecophysiology and Farming System in Northeast China, Ministry of Agriculture, Changchun 130033 |
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| Abstract: | Field experiments were carried out with five nitrogen levels and five plant densities. Five nitrogen application rates were 0, 150, 225, 300 and 375 kg per hectare. And five planting density gradients were 60 000, 70 000, 80 000, 90 000 and 100 000 plants per hectare. The physiological and structural indexes of canopy, yield and yield components were studied. The results showed that chlorophyll content was sensitive to nitrogen level during the flare opening period(about V12-V13) and sensitive to plant density at the tasseling stage. The higher chlorophyll content could be maintained by total nitrogen of 225-300 kg/ha as well as 60% of the amount was used as the topdressing fertilizer. LAI was sensitive to planting density. The optimum density is 77 000-80 000 plants per hectare for maintaining the highest LAI of about 5.5. With planting density of 77 000-80 000 plants per hectare and total nitrogen of 225-300 kg/ha, the kernel number per ear and 100-kernel weight can be increased synchronously, and Jidan 96 can achieve a yield of 12 780.9 kg/ha. |
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| Keywords: | Maize Jidan96 Nitrogen application rate Planting density Canopy Yield |
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