| 长江三峡船闸上下引航道鱼类空间分布特征 |
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| 引用本文： | 朱佳志,郭文韬,黄安阳,郜星晨,姜伟.长江三峡船闸上下引航道鱼类空间分布特征[J].上海海洋大学学报,2022,31(1):242-251. |
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| 作者姓名： | 朱佳志 郭文韬 黄安阳 郜星晨 姜伟 |
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| 作者单位： | 中国长江三峡集团有限公司中华鲟研究所,中国长江三峡集团有限公司中华鲟研究所,中国长江三峡集团有限公司中华鲟研究所,中国长江三峡集团有限公司中华鲟研究所,中国长江三峡集团有限公司中华鲟研究所 |
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| 基金项目： | 三峡工程后续工作资助(2136902)；国家重点研发计划“典型脆弱生态修复与保护研究”重点专项(2016YFC0502210) |
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| 摘 要： | 为了解三峡船闸上下引航道的鱼类空间分布特征,分别于2018年1月、5月、10月和2019年5月对靖江溪(区域Ⅰ)、上引航道(区域Ⅱ)、下引航道(区域Ⅲ)和三斗坪(区域Ⅳ)等区域开展水声学调查。将探测目标声学强度换算成鱼类体长,结果显示,区域Ⅰ、区域Ⅱ和区域Ⅳ的鱼类体长主要集中在2.5~5.0 cm,区域Ⅲ的鱼类体长集中在7.0~20.0 cm。区域Ⅰ、区域Ⅱ、区域Ⅲ和区域Ⅳ的平均鱼类密度分别为(99.53±47.78)、(57.37±33.45)、(61.51±1.72)和(30.61±15.75)ind./1000 m3,区域Ⅰ和区域Ⅱ低水位期鱼类密度显著大于高水位期,区域Ⅲ低水位期鱼类密度显著小于高水位期。区域Ⅰ和区域Ⅱ鱼类在不同水位期均倾向于中层偏下水体,区域Ⅲ鱼类在高水位期集中分布于6 m以上水层,低水位期集中分布于8 m以下水层。三峡船闸上下引航道鱼类空间分布差异主要受三峡库区水位变动及过闸通航船舶等因素影响。
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| 关 键 词： | 空间分布 水声学 鱼类密度 三峡库区 引航道 |
| 收稿时间： | 2020/7/12 0:00:00 |
| 修稿时间： | 2021/1/28 0:00:00 |
Characteristics of spatial distributions of fish community in upper and lower approach channels of the Three Gorges ship lock, Yangtze River |
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| ZHU Jiazhi,GUO Wentao,HUANG Anyang,GAO Xingchen,JIANG Wei.Characteristics of spatial distributions of fish community in upper and lower approach channels of the Three Gorges ship lock, Yangtze River[J].Journal of Shanghai Ocean University,2022,31(1):242-251. |
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| Authors: | ZHU Jiazhi GUO Wentao HUANG Anyang GAO Xingchen JIANG Wei |
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| Institution: | Chinese Sturgeon Research Institute, China Three Gorges Corporation, Yichang 443100, Hubei, China;Hubei Key Laboratory of Three Gorges Project for Conservation of Fishes, Yichang 443100, Hubei, China |
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| Abstract: | In order to assess the spatial distributions of fish community in upper and lower approach channels of the Three Gorges shiplock, the hydroacoustic surveys were carried out in January, May, October in 2018 and May 2019, respectively. Survey areas were set as: area Ⅰ(Jingjiang River), area Ⅱ(upper approach channel), area Ⅲ(lower approach channel) and area Ⅳ(Sandouping section). Fish body length was estimated based on target strength and the estimates showed that fish body length in area Ⅰ, area Ⅱ and area Ⅳ ranged from 2.5 to 5.0 cm, while that in area Ⅲ ranged from 7.0 to 20.0 cm. Average fish densities in area Ⅰ, area Ⅱ, area Ⅲ and area Ⅳ were(99.53±47.78) ind./1 000 m3,(57.37±33.45) ind./1 000 m3,(61.51±1.72) ind./1 000 m3 and(30.61±15.75) ind./1 000 m3, respectively. The fish densities of low water levels in area Ⅰ and area Ⅱ were significantly higher than those of high water levels, while fish densities of lower water levels in area Ⅲ were significantly lower than those of high water levels. Fishes in area Ⅰ and area Ⅱ were mainly distributed in middle-lower water layer at different periods, however fishes in area Ⅲ tended to move to shallow water layer(less than 6 m) at high water levels, but deep water layer(more than 8 m) at low water levels. Spatial distributions of fishes in the upper and lower approach channels were greatly influenced by the water level of the Three Gorges reservoir and ships passing the lock. |
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| Keywords: | spatial distribution hydroacoustic fish density water level of the Three Gorges reservoir approach channel |
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