| 基于指示Kriging的土壤盐渍化风险与地下水环境分析 |
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| 引用本文： | 李仙岳,崔佳琪,史海滨,孙亚楠,马红雨,贾飚.基于指示Kriging的土壤盐渍化风险与地下水环境分析[J].农业机械学报,2021,52(8):297-306. |
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| 作者姓名： | 李仙岳 崔佳琪 史海滨 孙亚楠 马红雨 贾飚 |
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| 作者单位： | 内蒙古农业大学;内蒙古自治区水利科学研究院 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家自然科学基金项目（51539005、51969024、51669020）、内蒙古自治区水利厅重大项目（NSK2017-M1）和内蒙古自治区科技厅重大专项（zdzx2018059） |
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| 摘 要： | 土壤盐渍化是制约干旱区农业发展的主要障碍，而浅埋地下水区域的地下水环境是影响土壤盐渍化的直接因素。为调控合理的地下水埋深和矿化度，以防控区域盐渍化，以河套灌区永济灌域为研究区，运用指示Kriging法比较了春灌前和生育期不同阈值条件下土壤表层含盐量、地下水埋深和矿化度的概率分布，从概率空间分布的角度研究了不同时期防治土壤盐渍化的地下水临界埋深和矿化度。结果表明：地下水埋深属于中等变异性，土壤表层含盐量和地下水矿化度属于强变异性。春灌前较生育期土壤表层盐渍化高风险区扩大、浅埋地下水高概率区缩小、地下水矿化高风险区缩小。春灌前永济灌域土壤表层发生轻度、中度盐渍化时的地下水埋深临界值分别为2.6、2.2 m，地下水矿化度临界值分别为2.0、2.5 g/L;生育期土壤表层发生轻度、中度盐渍化时的地下水埋深临界值分别为2.2、1.8 m，地下水矿化度临界值分别为2.5、3.0 g/L，春灌前更易发生土壤盐渍化。春灌前较生育期土壤盐分受外界因素（气象因素和人为因素）影响小，且土壤表层含盐量、地下水埋深和矿化度变异性也相对较小，地下水环境对土壤盐渍化的影响更强烈。研究区北部、东南部和中部小部分区域为地下水埋深小于临界值且大于矿化度临界值的高概率区，是土壤返盐的高风险区，建议进一步完善该地区的排水系统。
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| 关 键 词： | 河套灌区 土壤盐渍化 地下水埋深 地下水矿化度 空间分布 指示Kriging法 |
| 收稿时间： | 2020/9/6 0:00:00 |
Analysis of Soil Salinization Risk and Groundwater Environment Based on Indicator Kriging |
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| Institution: | Inner Mongolia Agricultural University; Inner Mongolia Water Conservancy Research Institute |
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| Abstract: | Soil salinization is the main obstacle to agricultural development in arid areas, and groundwater environment is the direct factor affecting soil salinization in shallow groundwater areas. In order to control reasonable groundwater depth and salinity to prevent and control regional salinization, the Yongji Irrigation Area in Hetao Irrigation District was used as the research area, the probability distribution diagram of soil surface salinity and groundwater depth and groundwater salinity under different threshold conditions before spring irrigation period and during growth period was analyzed and compared by using indicator Kriging method. The critical groundwater depth and salinity when soil salinization occurred in different periods were analyzed from the perspective of probability spatial distribution. The results showed as following: the groundwater depth was medium variability, while the surface salinity and groundwater salinity were strong variability. Before spring irrigation, compared with the growth period, the high risk areas of soil surface salinization were increased, the high probability areas of shallow groundwater were decreased, and the high risk areas of groundwater mineralization were decreased. Before spring irrigation, the critical buried depth of groundwater in the soil surface layer of Yongji Irrigation Area when mild and moderate salinization occurred was 2.6 m and 2.2 m, and the critical salinity of groundwater when mild and moderate salinization occurred was 2.0 g/L and 2.5 g/L, respectively. During the growth period, the critical depth of groundwater under mild and moderate salinization was 2.2 m and 1.8 m, and the critical salinity of groundwater under mild and moderate salinization was 2.5 g/L and 3.0 g/L, respectively. Soil salinization was more likely to occur before spring irrigation. Soil salinity before spring irrigation was less affected by external factors (meteorological factors and human factors) than that during the growth period. Moreover, soil surface salinity, groundwater depth and salinity variability before spring irrigation were relatively small, groundwater environment had strong impact on soil salinization. The northern, southeastern and central parts of the study area were areas with high probability that the groundwater was less than the critical burial depth and greater than the critical salinity, which were areas with high risk of soil salt return. It was suggested to further improve the drainage system and reduce the groundwater depth and salinity in local salinization risk areas. |
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| Keywords: | Hetao Irrigation Area soil salinization groundwater depth groundwater salinity spatial distribution indicator Kriging method |
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