| 青藏高原东北边缘云杉-冷杉林火烧迹地不同坡向植物群落结构与多样性研究 |
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| 引用本文： | 周晓雷,闫月娥,张婧,周旭姣,闫永琴,杨富强,曹雪萍,赵安,赵艳丽,苏静怡.青藏高原东北边缘云杉-冷杉林火烧迹地不同坡向植物群落结构与多样性研究[J].草业学报,2022,31(5):144-155. |
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| 作者姓名： | 周晓雷 闫月娥 张婧 周旭姣 闫永琴 杨富强 曹雪萍 赵安 赵艳丽 苏静怡 |
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| 作者单位： | 1.甘肃农业大学林学院，甘肃 兰州 730070;2.甘肃省林业调查规划院信息中心，甘肃 兰州 730020;3.甘肃农业大学理学院，甘肃 兰州 730070;4.甘肃农业大学草业学院，甘肃 兰州 730070;5.白银市园林管理局，甘肃 白银 730900 |
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| 摘 要： | 采用野外调查与植物群落相似性分析，研究了青藏高原东北边缘云杉-冷杉林火烧迹地不同坡向植物群落组成和物种多样性特点，结果表明：经过火后15年恢复，云杉-冷杉火烧迹地有草本植物22科40属46种，其中优势科有菊科，种类数最多（11种），其次为毛茛科6种，伞形科4种，蓼科3种，茜草科、龙胆科、蔷薇科和忍冬科各2种；在草地北坡、西北坡、东北坡和东坡分别分布着高山冷蕨+密生薹草+总状橐吾群落、密生薹草+高山冷蕨+野草莓群落、密生薹草+野草莓+箭竹群落和密生薹草+野草莓+总状橐吾群落；北坡的Margarlef丰富度指数和Shannon-Wiener多样性指数最高，东坡的Simpson优势度指数最高，而4个坡向草地的Pielou均匀度指数差异不显著；不同坡向植物群落存在一定的梯度格局，但是彼此分布之间存在一定的差异。通过研究分析可以得出：随着坡向由阴坡（北坡）到半阳坡（东坡）的变化，植被盖度逐渐减小；北坡的Margarlef丰富度指数和Shannon-Wiener多样性指数均最大，其次是西北坡和东北坡，而东坡的最小；不同坡向植被类型分异现象较弱，植物群落存在相似性。
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| 关 键 词： | 火烧迹地 云杉-冷杉林 高山草甸 群落结构 多样性 |
| 收稿时间： | 2021-10-09 |
| 修稿时间： | 2021-10-29 |
Vegetation community structure and diversity in a burned area of Picea asperata-Abies fabri forest on different aspects on the northeastern margin of the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau |
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| ZHOU Xiao-lei,YAN Yue-e,ZHANG Jing,ZHOU Xu-jiao,YAN Yong-qin,YANG Fu-qiang,CAO Xue-ping,ZHAO An,ZHAO Yan-li,SU Jing-yi.Vegetation community structure and diversity in a burned area of Picea asperata-Abies fabri forest on different aspects on the northeastern margin of the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau[J].Acta Prataculturae Sinica,2022,31(5):144-155. |
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| Authors: | ZHOU Xiao-lei YAN Yue-e ZHANG Jing ZHOU Xu-jiao YAN Yong-qin YANG Fu-qiang CAO Xue-ping ZHAO An ZHAO Yan-li SU Jing-yi |
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| Institution: | 1.College of Forestry，Gansu Agricultural University，Lanzhou 730070，China;2.Information Center，Forestry Inventory and Planning Institute of Gansu Province，Lanzhou 730020，China;3.College of Science，Gansu Agricultural University，Lanzhou 730070，China;4.Pratacultural College，Gansu Agricultural University，Lanzhou 730070，China;5.Garden Administration Bureau of Baiyin City，Baiyin 730900，China |
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| Abstract: | In this study， we conducted field surveys to determine the composition and diversity of the plant community in a burned area of Picea asperata-Abies fabri forest on the northeastern margin of the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau. Non-metric multidimensional scaling methods were used to analyze the data. Twenty-two families， 40 genera， and 46 species were identified in the burned areas. The dominant families were Compositae （11）， Ranunculaceae （6）， Apiaceae （4）， Polygonaceae （3）， Rubiaceae （2）， Gentianaceae （2）， Rosaceae （2）， and Caprifoliaceae （2）. Different communities were distributed on slopes with different aspects： a Cystopteris montana+Carex crebra+Ligularia botryodes community on the north-facing （N） slope， a C. crebra+C. montana+Fragaria vesca community on the northwest-facing slope， a C. crebra+ F. vesca+Fargesia spathacea community on the northeast-facing slope， and a C. crebra+F. vesca+L. botryodes community on the east-facing （E） slope. The community on the N slope had the highest Margalef’s richness index and Shannon-Wiener diversity values， while the community on E slopes had the highest Simpson’s dominance index. There were no significant differences in Pielou’s evenness index of vegetation among the four different slopes. A gradient distribution pattern of vegetation existed on the different slopes， and there was some overlap among community distributions. The extent of vegetation cover decreased from the cloudy slope （N） to the semi-sunny slope （E）. The slopes were ranked， from highest values of Margalef’s richness index and Shannon-Wiener diversity index to lowest， as follows： N>NW>NE>E. |
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| Keywords: | burned area Picea asperata-Abies fabri forest alpine meadow community structure diversity |
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