| 塔里木河下游生态输水的背景、效益和存在的问题 |
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| 引用本文： | 石丽,吐尔逊·哈斯木,韩桂红.塔里木河下游生态输水的背景、效益和存在的问题[J].水土保持通报,2008,28(1):176-180. |
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| 作者姓名： | 石丽 吐尔逊·哈斯木 韩桂红 |
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| 作者单位： | 1. 西北农林科技大学,资源环境学院,陕西,杨凌,712100
2. 西北农林科技大学,资源环境学院,陕西,杨凌,712100;中国科学院,水利部,水土保持研究所,陕西,杨凌,712100 |
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| 基金项目： | 中国科学院知识创新工程重要方向项目 |
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| 摘 要： | 西北地区是我国水土流失最严重的一个地区,也是我国贫困人口的集中分布区.国家对西北地区水土流失治理安排了一系列工程项目,投入了大量的资金,促进了农村经济发展与农民脱贫致富.依据1986-2005期间的统计与调查资料,对该区水土保持投资来源、使用方向与效果,以及对农村经济发展的影响进行了初步分析.(1)该区水土保持投资总体呈上升趋势,政府对该区水土保持累计投资5.50×10.元,群众投劳折资1.09x1010元;(2)水土保持投资主要用于造林、种草与基本农田建设等,投入经济林建设资金由8.2%上升到20.1%,由粮食为主的单一结构转变为粮、果、林、草的多元结构.(3)新增水土保持措施累计增加农业产值达7.02×1010元,农民人均年纯收入也随之增长了1 894.2元.
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| 关 键 词： | 水土流失 投资 土地利用结构 西北地区 西北地区 水土保持措施 投资来源 农村经济 影响分析 Northwest China Economy Rural Impacts Soil and Water Conservation 增长 纯收入 农民脱贫致富 农业 多元结构 结构转变 粮食 建设资金 经济林 基本农田建设 |
| 文章编号： | 1000-288X（2008）01-0170-06 |
| 收稿时间： | 2007-08-25 |
| 修稿时间： | 2007-10-30 |
Background, Benefits and Problems of Water Conveyance to the Lower Reaches of the Tarim River |
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| YANG Qian,LI Rui.Background, Benefits and Problems of Water Conveyance to the Lower Reaches of the Tarim River[J].Bulletin of Soil and Water Conservation,2008,28(1):176-180. |
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| Authors: | YANG Qian LI Rui |
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| Institution: | College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Xinjiang University, Urumqi, Xinjiang 830046, China;College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Xinjiang University, Urumqi, Xinjiang 830046, China;College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Xinjiang University, Urumqi, Xinjiang 830046, China |
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| Abstract: | Over the pastdecades,zero-flow caused the reduction of groundwater level and the degradation of vegetation in the lower reaches of the tarim River. In order to rehabilitate and reconstructthe seriously dam aged ecosystem,eightemergentecological water conveyances were conducted from 2001 to 2006. The effects of ecological stream water conveyance on groundwater level and quality,vegetation,and land desertification were analyzed based on the field investigation and monitoring data. Results showed thatthe groundwater lev el and quality in the lower reaches of the tarim River have been significantly increased. Itcan be concluded from this study thatafter conveying water,ecological environmentwithin a certain range of the riversides in the lower reaches of tarim River is significantly improved. However,some problems still exist,for exam ple,the currentecological water conveyance is decided mainly by the high water level of Bosten Lake and Kaidou River. If a dry season is encountered,itis difficultto handle it. If a large quantity of water convey ance from Bo Lake,Bo Lake will inevitably lead to the deterioration of the environment. |
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| Keywords: | soil and water loss investment land use structure Northwest China |
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