| 不同氮肥处理对黑青稞籽粒灌浆特性的影响 |
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| 引用本文： | 东 强,张 毅,朱定英,彭玉琳,刘人铜,亚梦菲,王建林.不同氮肥处理对黑青稞籽粒灌浆特性的影响[J].麦类作物学报,2023(7):940-946. |
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| 作者姓名： | 东 强 张 毅 朱定英 彭玉琳 刘人铜 亚梦菲 王建林 |
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| 作者单位： | （西藏农牧学院植物科学学院，西藏林芝860000） |
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| 基金项目： | 西藏自治区重大科技专项(XZ202101ZD0004N-03); 西藏特色农牧资源研发省部共建协同创新项目(XZTSZY202001); 西藏自治区重点研发计划项目(YDZX20195400004717); 中国农业大学支援西藏农牧学院专项(ZNKYZX202101); 西藏农牧学院研究生创新计划资助项目（YJS2021-08） |
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| 摘 要： | 为了解施用不同量尿素（N）、缓释尿素（CN）及其配施黄腐酸（FA）对黑青稞籽粒灌浆特性的影响，以隆子黑为材料，测定并分析了不同氮肥处理下其籽粒灌浆相关指标及其相关性。结果表明：（1）相同施氮量下，较N处理，CN处理下隆子黑渐增期、快增期灌浆速率（R1、R2）及最大灌浆速率（Rmax）分别提高11.84%、2.65%、0.46%，渐增期持续时间（Ta）缩短，快增期持续时间（Tb）延长，籽粒产量、千粒重分别提高13.8%、4.11%；（2）较单施氮肥，氮肥配施黄腐酸可提高隆子黑灌浆速率，延长灌浆持续时间，CN+FA处理增效作用最好，其较CN处理的产量、有效穗数、千粒重、穗粒数分别提高21.66%、17.88%、2.87%、20.24%；（3）减氮20%处理下，隆子黑灌浆指标均呈下降趋势，缓释尿素处理无显著的减氮增效优势，CN80%较N、CN处理产量分别下降5.51%、12.08%；（4）快增期灌浆速率、最大灌浆速率、灌浆持续时间、快增期持续时间、缓增期持续时间与千粒重呈极显著正相关(P＜0.01)，提高灌浆速率、延长灌浆持续时间是增加隆子黑产量的有效措施。缓释尿素配施黄腐酸提高了黑青稞籽粒灌浆能力、千粒重和产量，生产上推荐135 kg·hm-2缓释尿素配施45 kg·hm-2黄腐酸为黑青稞的最佳施肥方案。
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| 关 键 词： | 缓释尿素 黄腐酸 黑青稞 籽粒 灌浆特性 |
Effect of Different Nitrogen Fertilizer Treatments on Grain Filling Characteristics of Black Highland Barley |
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| DONG Qiang,ZHANG Yi,ZHU Dingying,PENG Yulin,LIU Rentong,YA Mengfei,WANG Jianlin.Effect of Different Nitrogen Fertilizer Treatments on Grain Filling Characteristics of Black Highland Barley[J].Journal of Triticeae Crops,2023(7):940-946. |
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| Authors: | DONG Qiang ZHANG Yi ZHU Dingying PENG Yulin LIU Rentong YA Mengfei WANG Jianlin |
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| Institution: | (College of Plant Science, Tibet Academy of Agriculture and Animal Husbandry, Nyingchi, Tibet 860000, China) |
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| Abstract: | In order to understand the effects of nitrogen reduction(N), slow-release urea(CN), and fulvic acid(FA) on grain filling characteristics of black highland barley, the related indices of grain filling of a black highland barley (Longzihei) under different nitrogen treatments were measured and analyzed. The results showed that: compared with N treatment, the filling rate and the maximum filling rate(R1, R2,Rmax) of Longzihei at increasing stage and rapid increasing stage were increased by 11.84%, 2.65%, and 0.46% under CN treatment, respectively. The duration of increasing stage(Ta) was shortened, and the duration of rapid increasing stage(Tb) was prolonged. Grain yield and 1 000-grain weight were increased by 13.8% and 4.11%, respectively. Combined application of FA further improved the grout rate of Longzihei and prolonged the grout duration. CN+FA treatment has the best effect. Compared with CN treatment, the yield, effective panicle number, 1 000-grain weight, and panicle number were increased by 21.66%, 17.88%, 2.87%, and 20.24%, respectively. The grouting indices of Longzihei with 20% nitrogen reduction showed a downward trend, and one-time application of slow-release nitrogen had no significant advantage in nitrogen reduction and efficiency improvement. The yield of CN80% decreased by 5.51% and 12.08% compared with that of N and CN, respectively. The grouting rate, maximum grouting rate, the duration of grouting, the duration of rapid increasing period, and the duration of slow increasing period were significantly positively correlated with 1 000-grain weight(P<0.01). Increasing the grouting rate and extending the duration of grouting were effective measures to increase the yield of black barley. The filling capacity, 1 000-grain weight and yield of Longzihei were improved by applying FA with CN. 135 kg·hm-2 CN with 45 kg·hm-2 FA was recommended as the best fertilization scheme for black highland barley. |
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| Keywords: | Slow-release urea Fulvic acid Black highland barley Grain Filling characteristics |
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