| 玉米主要性状的基因效应其与杂种优势关系的研究 |
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| 引用本文： | 尹燕枰,童玉森.玉米主要性状的基因效应其与杂种优势关系的研究[J].山东农业大学学报(自然科学版),1987(1). |
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| 作者姓名： | 尹燕枰 童玉森 |
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| 作者单位： | 山东农业大学农学系
(尹燕枰)，山东农业大学农学系(童玉森) |
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| 摘 要： | 利用7个性状差異较大的玉米自交系组成4个杂交第1代(F_1)以及B_1B_2和F_2,采用世代均数分析法,以最适模型或六参数模型的效应值为数量指标,对玉米主要性状的基因效应进行了分析,探讨了基因效应与优势表现和衰退的关系,结果表明:1.穗长、穗直径、穗行数、行粒数、穗粒数、单穗粒重和百粒重等,显性作用明显,加性效应和上位性效应作用程度的大小因组合而異;2.根的抗拉力、叶而积、叶向值,株高和吐丝期的叶绿素含量等,显性作用明显,上位性效应因组合不同而大小各異,加性效应作用最小;3.叶片数和果位高的加性效应在所有组合中均达到显著水平,其效应值的高低因组合而異,上位性效应和显性效应在多数组合中作用明显;4.根的抗拉力和百粒重的遗传,参试的所有组合均符合加性,显他和上位性双基因互作模型,其中根的抗拉力符合重复互作类型,5.基因效应的分析结果与杂种优势的表现和衰退基本一致。杂种优势的表现和衰退是显性效应或显性与上位性效应共同作用的结果。
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| 关 键 词： | 玉米 数量性状 基因效应 杂交育种 杂种优势 |
STUDIES ON THE GENE EFFECTS AND THEIR RELATIONS WITH HETEROSIS OF MAIN CHARACTERS OF CORN(Zea May L.) |
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| Yin Yanping & Tong Yushen.STUDIES ON THE GENE EFFECTS AND THEIR RELATIONS WITH HETEROSIS OF MAIN CHARACTERS OF CORN(Zea May L.)[J].Journal of Shandong Agricultural University,1987(1). |
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| Authors: | Yin Yanping & Tong Yushen |
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| Institution: | Department of Agronomy |
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| Abstract: | Seven corn inbred lines as parents, four crosses (F_1, F_2, B_1 and B_2) were used in the experiment. The gene effects of the main characters of corn were analysed in the gene effect values with the method of the generation means analysis. The relationships between gene effect and heterosis and between gene effect and inbreeding depression were also studied. The major results were as follows.1. Of the gene effects, the dominant gene effect was the most important contributor to the inheritance of ear length, ear diameter, rows/ear, kernels/row, kernels/ear. kernel weight/ear and 100-kernel weight. The values of additive and epistatic gene effects were various in contribution to the inheritance of characters mentioned above in different crosses.2. The dominance gene effect was the greatest contributor to the inheritance of root-pulling resistance, leaf area, leaf orientation value, plant height and chlorophyll content at the silking stage. The epistatic effect played a different role in contribution t inheritance of the characters mentioned above in different crosses. The additive gene effect had little importance in the inheritance of the characters.3. As to the number of leaves and ear height, the additive gene effects were significant in all crosses. In most of the crosses, there were significant gene effects of dominance and epistasis.4. The inheritance of root-pulling resistance and 100-kernel weight was adapted to the additive-dominance-epistasis digenic interaction model in all crosses in the present experiment. The inheritance of root-pulling resistance belonged to the duplicate interaction.5. It was shown that the expression of heterosis and inbreeding depression agreed with the result of the gene effect analysis. It was concluded that the heterosis and the inbreeding depression were caused by dominance or the interaction of dominance with epistatic effects. |
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| Keywords: | corn quantitative character gene effect heterosis cross breeding |
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