| 锦鲤肠道不同部位菌群组成结构及多样性分析 |
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| 引用本文： | 孙中石,范艳蕊,吕爱军,胡秀彩,石洪玥,陈丽梅,孙敬锋.锦鲤肠道不同部位菌群组成结构及多样性分析[J].南方农业学报,2021,52(2):483-490. |
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| 作者姓名： | 孙中石 范艳蕊 吕爱军 胡秀彩 石洪玥 陈丽梅 孙敬锋 |
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| 作者单位： | 天津农学院水产学院/天津市水产生态及养殖重点实验室,天津 300384 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家自然科学基金项目（31972840）；天津市自然科学基金项目（19JCZDJC34600）；天津市大学生创新创业训练计划项目（202010061061） |
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| 摘 要： | 【目的】研究锦鲤（Cyprinus carpio var.koi）肠道的菌群组成结构及多样性，为深入研究锦鲤肠道菌群的功能及肠道不同部位的生理功能的分化提供参考。【方法】收集锦鲤前肠、中肠和后肠的肠道细菌，通过传统培养技术，采用细菌微量生化鉴定管对肠道细菌进行各项生理生化指标的测定；分别提取3个肠段的肠道菌群基因组DNA，进一步采用16S rDNA高通量测序技术，分析3个肠段的菌群组成和生物多样性。【结果】前肠、中肠和后肠样本测序后分别得到48659、47013和47819条有效序列，按97%相似性水平划分OTU后，分别得到1555、1294和1423个OUTs。α多样性分析结果显示，后肠菌群样本的Shannon指数、Chao1指数最高。在门水平上，前肠、中肠和后肠丰度最高的5个菌门均是变形菌门（Proteobacteria）、梭杆菌门（Fusobacteria）、拟杆菌门（Bacteroidetes）、厚壁菌门（Firmicutes）和黏胶球形菌门（Lentisphaerae），推测这些菌门是锦鲤肠道的核心细菌类群，但各菌门在不同部位的相对丰度有差异。构建的物种丰度热图显示相对丰度最高的前10类菌属相同，但某些菌属在肠道不同部位的相对丰度有较大差异，如代尔夫特菌属（Delft）、弓形菌属（Toxoplasma）。UniFrac分析显示中肠和后肠的肠道菌群聚为一支，表明这2个部位菌群组成结构相似度较高。【结论】锦鲤肠道不同部位具有独特的菌群结构，可能会影响肠道不同部位功能的分化。
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| 关 键 词： | 锦鲤 肠道菌群 多样性 16SrDNA |
| 收稿时间： | 2020-04-01 |
Community and diversity analysis of microflora from different intestinal segments of koi carp(Cyprinus carpio var.koi) |
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| SUN Zhong-shi,FAN Yan-rui,LYU Ai-jun,HU Xiu-cai,SHI Hong-yue,CHEN Li-mei,SUN Jing-feng.Community and diversity analysis of microflora from different intestinal segments of koi carp(Cyprinus carpio var.koi)[J].Journal of Southern Agriculture,2021,52(2):483-490. |
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| Authors: | SUN Zhong-shi FAN Yan-rui LYU Ai-jun HU Xiu-cai SHI Hong-yue CHEN Li-mei SUN Jing-feng |
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| Institution: | College of Fisheries, Tianjin Agricultural University/Tianjin Key Lab of Aqua-Ecology and Aquaculture, Tianjin 300384, China |
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| Abstract: | 【Objective】This study aimed to investigate the diversity and community of microflora from the three intestinal segments(foregut, midgut, and hindgut) of koi carp(Cyprinus carpio var.koi) and provide reference for further research on the function of koi carpintestinal flora and the differentiation of physiological functions in different parts of the intestine.【Method】Microflora from the three intestinal segments, foregut, midgut, and hindgut, were collected, and the physiological and biochemical indexes of intestinal bacteria through the bacterial microbiochemical identification tube were identified based on the traditional bacterial culture technique.Genomic DNA of intestinal microflora from the three intestinal segments was extracted, and 16S rDNA high-throughput sequencing technology was used to analyze the microflora composition and diversity.【Result】The three microflora samples from the three intestinal segments(foregut, midgut, and hindgut) were sequenced to obtain 48659, 47013, 47819 effective tags, respectively.After dividing the OTUs based on 97% sequence similarity level, 1555, 1294, and 1423 OUTs were obtained, respectively.Alpha diversity analysis showed that the Shannon and Chao1 indexes of the hindgut flora samples were the highest.At the phylum level, the top five phyla with the highest abundance in the foregut, midgut, and hindgut were all Proteobacteria, Fusobacteria, Bacteroidetes, Firmicutes and Lentisphaerae, which could be probably recognized as the core bacterial taxa in the koi carpintestine, but the relative abundance of each phylum was different in different parts.The species abundance heat map constructed showed that the top ten species with the highest relative abundance were the same, but the relative abundance of some species in different parts of the intestine was quite different, such as Delft and Toxoplasma.The UniFrac cluster heat map analysis showed that the intestinal flora of the midgut and hindgut were clustered into one group, indicating that the composition of the flora of these two parts was highly similar in structure.【Conclusion】Unique microflora structures are formed in different parts of the koi carp intestinal tract, and may affect the functional differentiation of different parts of the intestinal tract. |
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