| HS-SPME-GC-MS结合OPLS-DA分析提取方法对牛油果油挥发性香气化合物的影响 |
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| 引用本文： | 欧阳红军,刘义军,袁源,静玮,张利,李积华.HS-SPME-GC-MS结合OPLS-DA分析提取方法对牛油果油挥发性香气化合物的影响[J].南方农业学报,2021,52(3):779-788. |
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| 作者姓名： | 欧阳红军 刘义军 袁源 静玮 张利 李积华 |
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| 作者单位： | 1. 中国热带农业科学院南亚热带作物研究所, 广东湛江 524091;2. 农业农村部热带果树生物学重点实验室, 广东湛江 524091;3. 中国热带农业科学院农产品加工研究所, 广东湛江 524001;4. 农业农村部热带作物产品加工重点实验室, 广东湛江 524001;5. 海南省果蔬贮藏与加工重点实验室, 广东湛江 524001 |
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| 基金项目： | 农业农村部物种品种资源保护费项目（125163006000160004）；中国热带农业科学院基本科研业务费专项（1630122017014，1630062020004） |
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| 摘 要： | 【目的】明确热榨法、超临界二氧化碳萃取法和水代法3种提取方法对牛油果油挥发性香气化合物的影响，为牛油果油的提取及开发利用提供数据支持。【方法】采用顶空固相微萃取-气相色谱-质谱（HS-SPME-GC-MS）结合偏最小二乘判别分析（OPLS-DA）对热榨法、超临界二氧化碳萃取法和水代法所得牛油果油的挥发性香气化合物进行鉴定、组间区分及总体差异分析。【结果】热榨法、超临界二氧化碳萃取法和水代法3种提取方法所得牛油果油中共鉴定出80种挥发性香气化合物，分别检出40、40和45种挥发性香气化合物，以碳氢类、醛类、酸类和醇类为主。热榨法中碳氢类17种，占比45.68%；醛类5种，占比3.31%；醇类8种，占比9.39%；酸类3种，占比21.65%；水代法中碳氢类13种，占比28.87%；醛类14种，占比26.42%；醇类8种，占比15.92%；酸类2种，占比19.53%。超临界二氧化碳萃取法中碳氢类21种，占比42.99%；醛类9种，占比12.77%；醇类4种，占比7.75%，酸类1种，占比20.23%。基于不同牛油果油样品中挥发性香气化合物的含量进行OPLS-DA分析，实现热榨法、超临界二氧化碳萃取法和水代法所得牛油果油样品的鉴别。3种提取方法所得牛油果油样品的标志差异性化合物有56种，超临界二氧化碳萃取法有癸烷、甲苯等特有香气化合物13种，水代法有2-庚烯-1-醇、1-辛烯-3-醇等特有香气化合物16种，3种提取方法共有己醛、2-庚烯醛等18种香气化合物。【结论】通过HS-SPME-GC-MS结合OPLS-DA找到牛油果油挥发性化合物的差异性，从而筛选出差异性形成的潜在物质，可用于快速鉴别牛油果油的提取方法。
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| 关 键 词： | 牛油果油 顶空固相微萃取—气相色谱—质谱(HS-SPME-GC-MS) 挥发性香气 偏最小二乘判别分析(OPLS-DA) 模型 |
| 收稿时间： | 2020-05-29 |
HS-SPME-GC-MS coupled with OPLS-DA to analyze the effects of extraction methods on volatile aroma compounds of avocado oil |
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| OUYANG Hong-jun,LIU Yi-jun,YUAN Yuan,JING Wei,ZHANG Li,LI Ji-hua.HS-SPME-GC-MS coupled with OPLS-DA to analyze the effects of extraction methods on volatile aroma compounds of avocado oil[J].Journal of Southern Agriculture,2021,52(3):779-788. |
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| Authors: | OUYANG Hong-jun LIU Yi-jun YUAN Yuan JING Wei ZHANG Li LI Ji-hua |
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| Abstract: | 【Objective】The effects of three methods(namely, hot pressing method, supercritical extraction method and aqueous extraction method on the volatile aroma compounds in avocado oil were clarified, which provided data support for the extraction anddevelopment of avocado oil.【Method】Headspace solid phase microextraction-gas chromatography-mass spec-trometry(HS-SPME-GC-MS) coupled with orthogonalpartial least squares discrimination analysis(OPLS-DA) were used to identify the volatile aromas of avocado oil extracted by hot pressing method, supercritical carbon dioxide extraction and water extraction method, and to distinguish between groups and analyze the overall difference.【Result】In total, 80 kinds of volatile aroma compounds were identified from avocado oil extracted by the three methods, and there were 40, 40 and 45 volatile aroma compounds in the oil extracted by hot pressing method, supercritical carbon dioxide extraction and water extraction method respectively. They were mainly hydrocarbons, aldehydes, acids and alcohols. There were 17 kinds of hydrocarbons, 5 kinds of aldehydes, 8 kinds of alcohols and 3 kinds of acids in hot pressing method, accounting for 45.68%, 3.31%, 9.39% and 21.65%, respectively. There were 13 kinds of hydrocarbons, 14 kinds of aldehydes, 8 kinds of alcohols, and 2 kinds of acids were identified in water extraction method, accounting for 28.87%, 26.42%, 15.92%, 19.53%. There were 21 kinds of hydrocarbons, 9 kinds of aldehydes, 4 kinds of alcohols, 1 kinds of acids in supercritical carbon dioxide extraction method, accounting for 42.99%, 12.77%, 7.75%, 20.23%, respectively. OPLS-DA method was used to analyze the volatile aroma compounds produced by three avocado oil samples, which could effectively distinguish avocado oil samples obtained by three methods. There were 56 kinds of symbolic difference compounds existed in three samples, and 13 kinds of special components in supercritical carbon dioxide extraction, such as decane and toluene, and 16 kinds of special components in aqueous method, such as 2-heptene-1-ol and 1-octene-3-ol, and 18 kinds of common components in there methods, such as hexanal, 2-heptenal.【Conclusion】The differences of volatile aroma compounds are analyzed by HS-SPME-GC-MS combined with OPLS-DA, and the potential compounds that form differences are screened out. This method can be used to quickly identify the extraction methods of avocado oil. |
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