| 117个玉米品种对禾谷镰孢根腐病的抗性鉴定及根腐病对苗势与产量的影响 |
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| 引用本文： | 金嵘,贾娇,吴宏斌,柴海燕,苏义臣,苏前富.117个玉米品种对禾谷镰孢根腐病的抗性鉴定及根腐病对苗势与产量的影响[J].植物保护学报,2024,51(1):228-236. |
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| 作者姓名： | 金嵘 贾娇 吴宏斌 柴海燕 苏义臣 苏前富 |
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| 作者单位： | 吉林省农业科学院植物保护研究所, 农业农村部东北作物有害生物综合治理重点实验室, 长春 130033;吉林农业大学植物保护学院, 长春 130022 |
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| 基金项目： | 吉林省重点研发计划（20210202121NC），国家现代农业产业技术体系（CARS-02） |
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| 摘 要： | 为评价东北地区玉米主推品种对禾谷镰孢根腐病的抗性水平，探究根腐病发生与苗势、产量损失间的关系，采用人工接种方法鉴定东北地区117个玉米主推品种对禾谷镰孢根腐病的抗性水平，应用室内盆栽试验分析自交系LN810在施用氮、磷、钾及复合肥后对禾谷镰孢根腐病发生和苗势的影响，在田间对先玉335接种禾谷镰孢菌Fusarium graminearum后探究根腐病发生程度对其苗势及产量的影响。结果显示，117个玉米品种对禾谷镰孢根腐病的抗性差异明显，鉴定出高抗品种14个，抗病品种44个，中抗品种47个，感病品种12个，其中表现中抗以上的品种占89.74%，且中早熟材料均表现为抗性。与未施肥相比，施用磷钾肥后玉米禾谷镰孢根腐病发生率最低，为22.03%。按照禾谷镰孢根腐病发生程度从轻到重将先玉335群体划分为一、二、三类苗，级别越高苗势越弱，产量测定发现二、三类苗的平均产量较一类苗的平均产量分别下降了39.97%和76.39%。表明东北地区主推玉米品种大部分对禾谷镰孢根腐病表现出抗性，但仍有部分品种存在较大感病风险，且该病害的发生程度与幼苗长势和产量呈负相关，施用磷钾肥可降低该病害的发生率。
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| 关 键 词： | 玉米品种 禾谷镰孢根腐病 抗性评价 苗势 产量 |
| 收稿时间： | 2023/3/13 0:00:00 |
Identification for resistance of 117 maize varieties against root rot caused by phytopathogenic fungus Fusarium graminearum and the effects of root rot on seedling vigor and yield |
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| Jin Rong,Jia Jiao,Wu Hongbin,Chai Haiyan,Su Yichen,Su Qianfu.Identification for resistance of 117 maize varieties against root rot caused by phytopathogenic fungus Fusarium graminearum and the effects of root rot on seedling vigor and yield[J].Acta Phytophylacica Sinica,2024,51(1):228-236. |
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| Authors: | Jin Rong Jia Jiao Wu Hongbin Chai Haiyan Su Yichen Su Qianfu |
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| Institution: | Key Laboratory of Integrated Crop Pest Management in Northeast China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Plant Protection, Jilin Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun 130033, Jilin Province, China;College of Plant Protection, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130022, Jilin Province, China |
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| Abstract: | In order to evaluate the resistance against root rot caused by phytopathogenic fungus Fusarium graminearum of main maize cultivars in northeastern China, and explore the relationship between the incidence of root rot and seedling vigor and yield loss, the resistance of 117 maize cultivars in northeastern China against root rot caused by F. graminearum was identified using artificial inoculation method. The effects of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and composite fertilizers on the incidence of root rot and seedling vigor of inbred line LN810 were analyzed with indoor pot experiments, and maize variety Xianyu 335 was used to analyze the effects of root rot on seedling vigor and yield of maize in fields. The results showed that the resistance levels of 117 maize cultivars against root rot caused by F. graminearum were significantly different. There were 14 highly resistant varieties, 44 resistant varieties, 47 medium-resistant varieties and 12 susceptible varieties, of which 89.74% were resistant or highly resistant, and all of the medium-early maturity materials showed resistance. Compared with no fertilizer controls, the lowest incidence of root rot caused by F. graminearum was 22.03% when applying phosphorus and potassium fertilizers. According to the degree of root rot caused by F. graminearum, the population of Xianyu 335 seedlings was divided into three types: types 1, 2, and 3. The higher the level, the weaker the seedlings. The average yields of the types 2 and 3 of seedlings were decreased by 39.97% and 76.39%, respectively, compared with that of the type 1 seedlings. The results indicated that most of maize varieties cultivated in northeastern China were resistant to root rot, but there were still some varieties with high risk. The incidence of root rot was negatively correlated with seedling vigor and yield, and it could be reduced by applying phosphorus and potassium fertilizers. |
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| Keywords: | maize varieties Fusarium graminearum root rot resistance evaluation seedling vigor yield |
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