| 酥梨采后灰霉病生防菌株的鉴定及抑菌作用 |
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| 引用本文： | 杜静婷,蔺楠,施俊凤.酥梨采后灰霉病生防菌株的鉴定及抑菌作用[J].保鲜与加工,2024(3):53-60. |
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| 作者姓名： | 杜静婷 蔺楠 施俊凤 |
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| 基金项目： | 山西省自然科学基金项目（面上）（20210302123422）；山西省重点研发计划项目（202102140601017）；山西省现代农业产业技术体系（果树）建设专项资金（SXFRS-2022） |
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| 摘 要： | 以微生物拮抗病原菌是防治病害安全高效的可行手段。通过对果实表面微生物进行筛选鉴定，以期得到一株可以有效抑制灰霉病的生物防治菌株。对拮抗菌株H-1进行形态学特征、生理生化特性分析，结合16S rDNA序列分析和gyrB 基因序列分析构建系统发育树；采用平板对峙法结合果实伤口试验考察拮抗菌H-1在体外及梨果表面的抑菌作用。结果表明：经鉴定H-I菌株为贝莱斯芽孢杆菌（Bacillus velezensis）；B. velezensis H-1在体外条件下可显著抑制灰葡萄孢霉（Botrytis cinerea）、细极链格孢（Alternaria tenuissima）和串珠镰孢菌（Fusarium verticillioides）的菌丝生长，其中对灰葡萄孢霉菌丝的抑制作用最强；果实伤口试验表明，1×1011 CFU/mL的B. velezensis H-1可完全抑制梨果表面灰霉菌生长。由此可见，B. velezensis H-1可以有效抑制梨果采后灰霉病的发生。
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| 关 键 词： | 贝莱斯芽孢杆菌 酥梨 灰霉病 生防菌株 鉴定 抑菌作用 |
Identification and Bacteriostasis of Biocontrol Strains Against Gray Mold from Crisp Pear |
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| Abstract: | It was a safe, efficient and feasible way to control diseases by antagonizing pathogenic bacteria with microor ganisms. Screening and identification of microorganisms on the fruit surface were carried out in order to obtain a biological control strain that can effectively inhibit gray mold. Morphological, physiological and biochemical characteristics of the biocontrol strain H-1 against Botrytis cinerea were analyzed, and combined with the 16S rDNA sequence analysis and gyrB gene sequence analysis to construct a phylogenetic tree. The antifungal effects of antagonistic H-1 on vitro and pear fruit surface were determined by plate confrontation method combined with fruit wound experiments. H-1 strain was identified as Bacillus velezensis. B. velezensis H-1 could significantly inhibit the hyphae growth of Botrytis cinerea, Alternaria tenuissima and Fusarium verticillioides on vitro, among which inhibitory effect on Botrytis cinerida hyphae was the strongest. Fruit wound experiments showed that 1×1011 CFU/mL of B. velezensis H-1 could completely inhibit the growth of Botrymyces on the surface of pear fruit. B. velezensis H-1 could effectively inhibit the occurrence ofBotrytis cinerea in postharvest pear fruits. |
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| Keywords: | Bacillus velezensis crisp pear gray mold biocontrol strain identification bacteriostasis |
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