| 猕猴桃园土壤状况与果树叶片叶绿素和铁素质量分数的通径分析 |
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| 引用本文： | 刘文国,王 锋,赵 强,马志峰,党战平.猕猴桃园土壤状况与果树叶片叶绿素和铁素质量分数的通径分析[J].西北农业学报,2017,26(11):1664-1671. |
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| 作者姓名： | 刘文国 王 锋 赵 强 马志峰 党战平 |
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| 作者单位： | （1.杨凌职业技术学院，陕西杨凌 712100；2.甘肃省镇原县农技中心，甘肃镇原 744500） |
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| 基金项目： | 陕西省教育厅专项科学研究计划项目(16JK1873)。 |
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| 摘 要： | 以黄化果树和正常果树根部土壤及叶片为研究对象,通过土壤立体采样后,测定树体根部土壤有机质、碱解氮、速效磷、速效钾、pH 5个土壤指标和叶片叶绿素、铁素质量分数,采用通径分析方法,研究各土壤指标对叶片叶绿素和铁素的影响。结果表明:土壤中速效钾质量分数对叶片总叶绿素质量分数影响最大,且表现为负效应。土壤中碱解氮对黄化叶片叶绿素质量分数呈正效应,适当增加碱解氮质量分数,可增加猕猴桃叶片中总叶绿素质量分数,减轻黄化病的发生。土壤有机质对叶片叶绿素质量分数的直接作用为正效应,部分效应会被钾素的负效应所掩盖,碱解氮与有机质在增加叶片叶绿素的作用为协同作用,生产中,增施有机肥料是防治猕猴桃黄化病发生的重要措施。速效磷和pH对叶绿素质量分数总影响和直接作用均为负效应,均会引起猕猴桃叶片中叶绿素质量分数降低,导致黄化的发生。正常绿叶和黄化叶片的总铁质量分数差异不显著,平均值相差不大,二者盐酸浸提铁的质量分数差异也不显著,但二者总铁与盐酸浸提铁质量分数的比值(总铁/浸铁)差异显著,且比值越大,黄化越严重。因此可以用总铁/浸铁比作为研究果树黄化严重程度的指标。土壤中有机质、碱解氮数量增加,均能降低叶片总铁/浸铁比值,缓解猕猴桃叶片黄化。
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| 关 键 词： | 土壤养分 叶绿素 铁素 通径分析 |
Path Analysis of Chlorophyll and Iron Mass Fraction in Kiwi Tree Leaves and Soil Conditions in an Orchard |
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| LIU Wenguo,WANG Feng,ZHAO Qiang,MA Zhifeng and DANG Zhanping.Path Analysis of Chlorophyll and Iron Mass Fraction in Kiwi Tree Leaves and Soil Conditions in an Orchard[J].Acta Agriculturae Boreali-occidentalis Sinica,2017,26(11):1664-1671. |
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| Authors: | LIU Wenguo WANG Feng ZHAO Qiang MA Zhifeng and DANG Zhanping |
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| Abstract: | To study the effects soil organic matter, available nitrogen, available phosphorus, available potassium and pH on kiwifruit chlorosis, yellow and normal leaves of kiwifruit and root soil were used as research material through three-dimensional soil sampling, to determine the influence of soil indexes on chlorophyll mass fraction and ferrite by the method of path analysis. The results showed that:the mass fraction of available potassium in soil performed the greatest but negative influence on the total chlorophyll mass fraction of the leaves. The alkali-hydrolyzale nitrogen in soil showed positive effects on the chlorophyll mass fraction of etiolated leaves, therefore increasing the alkali-hydrolyzale nitrogen mass fraction would increase the total chlorophyll mass fraction in the leaves and reduce the incidence of chlorosis.The organic matter in soil showed directly positive effects on the chlorophyll mass fraction in leaves, while some of the effects was covered up by the negative effects of potassium. The alkali-hydrolyzale nitrogen and the organic matter synergically increased the mass fraction of chlorophyll, thus, more organic fertilizer is an important means to control chlorosis of kiwi trees.Both available phosphorus and pH value performed directly negative effects on the total chlorophyll mass fraction and reduced the chlorophyll mass fraction of kiwi tree leaves, resulting in the occurrence of chlorosis.Total iron mass fraction and iron extracted with hydrochloric acid were insignificantly different between normal and etiolated leaves of kiwi tree leaves. However, the ratio of total iron to extracted iron with hydrochloric acid was significantly different between the two kinds of leaves. i.e., higher ratio was regularly related to more serious chlorosis. So the ratio of total iron to extracted iron can be used as an indicator for seriousness of fruit tree chlorosis. More organic matter and alkali-hydrolyzale nitrogen in soil can decrease the ratio of total iron to that extracted with hydrochloric acid from the leaves and alleviate the etiolation of kiwifruit tree leaves. |
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| Keywords: | Soil nutrients Chlorophyll Iron element Path analysis |
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