| 不同覆土厚度对裸岩石砾地土壤化学性状和春玉米产量的影响 |
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| 引用本文： | 李娟,张扬,韩霁昌,李晓明.不同覆土厚度对裸岩石砾地土壤化学性状和春玉米产量的影响[J].安徽农业科学,2013,41(5):2037-2039,2060. |
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| 作者姓名： | 李娟 张扬 韩霁昌 李晓明 |
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| 作者单位： | 陕西省地产开发服务总公司,陕西西安710075;国土资源部退化及未利用土地工程整治研究中心,陕西西安710075;陕西省土地整治工程技术研究中心,陕西西安710075;陕西省地产开发服务总公司,陕西西安710075;国土资源部退化及未利用土地工程整治研究中心,陕西西安710075;陕西省土地整治工程技术研究中心,陕西西安710075;陕西省地产开发服务总公司,陕西西安710075;国土资源部退化及未利用土地工程整治研究中心,陕西西安710075;陕西省土地整治工程技术研究中心,陕西西安710075;陕西省地产开发服务总公司,陕西西安710075;国土资源部退化及未利用土地工程整治研究中心,陕西西安710075;陕西省土地整治工程技术研究中心,陕西西安710075 |
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| 基金项目： | 陕西省科学技术研究发展计划项目，陕西省自然科学基础研究计划 |
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| 摘 要： | 目的]为了研究在裸岩石砾地不同覆土厚度作物耕作层土壤理化性状和春玉米产量的变化。方法]在2011～2012年陕西富平基地设置裸岩石砾地,通过30、40、50、60、80和100 cm 6种不同覆土厚度,分析各不同覆土厚度下土壤化学性状、农艺性状和春玉米产量的差异。结果]不同覆土厚度对土壤0～50 cm土层土壤碱解氮、速效磷和速效钾含量具有明显的影响;碱解氮、速效磷和速效钾含量都随着土层深度的增加而减小。在10～30 cm土层,C50处理土壤的碱解氮含量分别比C30、C40、C60、C80和C100处理高3.92%、12.51%、17.51%、3.39%和11.26%。在0～30 cm土层,C50处理土壤的平均速效磷含量分别比C30、C40、C60、C80和C100处理高14.57%、9.57%、2.31%、4.14%和4.91%;在0～50 cm土层,C50处理土壤的平均速效钾含量最大,为112.51 g/kg,即C50处理较其他处理具有保肥作用。不同覆土厚度对春玉米株高、生物量影响显著。覆土厚度不同,直接影响春玉米干物质积累。C50处理春玉米从拔节期到灌浆期的平均株高最高,为150.03 cm;春玉米从拔节期到灌浆期的平均生物量分别为68.65、69.09、72.48、68.91、69.10和68.12 g。不同处理对春玉米产量、产量构成因素影响显著。C50处理平均籽粒产量最高,为6 832.89 kg/hm2;各处理春玉米的平均籽粒产量从大到小依次为C50处理>C40处理>C60处理>C80处理>C30处理>C100处理。结论]C50处理具有保肥作用且增产效果最佳。
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| 关 键 词： | 覆土厚度 春玉米 化学性状 产量 |
Effects of Different Depth of Soil Thickness on Soil Chemical Properties and Spring Maize Yield on Barren Gravel Land for Land Reclamation |
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| Institution: | LI Juan et al(Shaanxi Province Real Estate Development Corporation,Xi′an,Shaanxi 710075) |
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| Abstract: | Objective]The research aimed to research the effects of different soil cover thickness on plough layer physiochemical properties and spring maize yields on the desert.Method]Exposed rock land,this study arranged 6 different thickness levels of soil cover listed as 30 cm(C30),40 cm(C40),50 cm(C50),60 cm(C60),80 cm(C80) and 100 cm(C100) for spring maize cultivating experiment in Fuping,Shaanxi Province in 2012.And the variation of soil physiochemical properties,agronomic traits and yields of spring maize were measured and analyzed.Result]The changes of soil cover thickness showed significant effects on soil available N,available P and available K,and with the soil thickness increasing,and the contents of soil available N,available P and available K all increased significantly.During 10-30 cm soil layer,soil available N contents under level C50 was higher than that under level C30,C40,C60,C80 and C100 by 3.92%,12.51%,17.51%,3.39% and 11.26%.During 0-50 cm soil layer,the average contents of soil available P under level C50 were higher than that under level C30,C40,C60,C80 and C100 by 14.57%,9.57%,2.31%,4.14% and 4.91% respectively.During 0-50 cm soil layer,the average content of soil available K was 112.51 g/kg under level C50,higher than all the other levels,which showed C50 presented best on fertilizer conservation.The changes of soil cover thickness also showed significant effects on the plant height of spring maize,biomasses and dry matter accumulation.The average plant height of spring maize under C50 was 150.03 cm,higher than the other levels from jointing stage to grain filling stage.The average biomasses under each level were 68.65、69.09、72.48、68.91、69.10 and 68.12 g respectively.Lastly,the changes of soil cover thickness also showed significant effects on the yield and its composing factors.The highest yield showed under C50 of 6 832.89 kg/hm2.All the yields ranged as C50>C40>C60>C80>C30>C100 quantitatively.Conclusion]C50 presented the best on fertilizer conservation. |
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| Keywords: | Soil thickness Spring maize Chemical properties Yield |
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