| 孢粉学在部分梨属植物分类研究中的应用 |
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| 引用本文： | 杨槐俊.孢粉学在部分梨属植物分类研究中的应用[J].果树学报,1985(3). |
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| 作者姓名： | 杨槐俊 |
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| 作者单位： | 山西农科院园艺研究所 |
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| 摘 要： | 通过扫描电子显微镜、配合光学显微镜对杜梨、木梨、褐梨、豆梨4个野生种,白梨、砂梨、秋子梨、西洋梨、新疆梨5个栽培种的花粉、花药的大小、形状、表面纹饰和特征进行了较为细致的观察、研究,并进行了种间、品种间的比较。
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THE ROLE OF PALYNOLOGY IN STUDY OF TAXONOMY OF SPECIES OF GENUS PYRUS |
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| Abstract: | The auther examined carefully the size, shap and surface topography of both pollen grains and anthers of 4 species of wild pear (P.betulaefolia Bge., P.xerophilus Yu,P.phaeocarpa Rehd.and P.calleryana Dcne.)and 5 species of cultivated forms (P.bretsehneideri Rehd., P. ussuriensis Maxim., P.pyrifolia Nakai, P.communis Linn.and P.sinkiangensis Yu) with the scanning electron microscope, micropolariseope and zoom stereo microscope. The results showed that Palynology has important useful value for the genus Pyrus in studying origin, evolution and taxonomy. Not only polar axis, equatorial axis and polar axis/equatorial axis ratio (P/E ratio) of pollen grains but also ridge width, distance between ridge edges, pore (pit)diameter and pore (pit) frequence of surface sculpture of pollen will be useful index for identifying species and varieties. The P/E ratio is a stable character for species. There are some difference in size, shape of pollen grains and anthers, sculpture of pollen and epidermal anther cells for different species and vareties. The pollen grains of P. communis Linn. are thick; surface sculpture and pores are big and dense.It is quite different from the oriental pears. The pollen grains of P.bretschneideri Rehd. are long and large; prominent ridges are wide; grooves (distance between ridge edges) noroow; pores small and few; lines smooth and straight. The pollen grains of P.pyrifolia Nakaiare thick; pores larger and denser; lines disordered and rugous, looking like ripple.The pollen grains of P. ussuriensis Maxim. are larger and thiner; ridges and grooves are moderate; pores denser and small It hasa lot of small anther forms that L/W (long/width) ratio is low. The variety"Hua chang——ba" (P. Sinkiangensis Yu) has two kinds of pollen grains one part of pollen grains is especially big and the other is very small. The pollen grains of P. betulaefolia Bge. , P. Xerophilus Yu and P. phaeocarpb Rehd. relalively are similar; but the riges of P. xerophilus Yu are narrow; the grooves of the Pollen sculpture of P. phaeoealpa Rehd. are narrow. In addition, the anthers of P, betulaefolia Bge, are the smallest in the all specimen. |
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