Development and Characterization of Calcium-Alginate Beads of Apigenin: In Vitro Antitumor,Antibacterial, and Antioxidant Activities |
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| Authors: | Mohammed F Aldawsari Mohammed Muqtader Ahmed Farhat Fatima Md Khalid Anwer Prakash Katakam Abdullah Khan |
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| Institution: | 1.Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 173, Al-Kharj 11942, Saudi Arabia; (M.F.A.); (F.F.); (M.K.A.);2.Department of Pharmaceutics, Indira College of Pharmacy, Nanded 431606, Maharashtra, India;3.Centre of Excellence for Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, KPJ Healthcare University College, Nilai 71800, Malaysia; |
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| Abstract: | The objective of this work was to develop sustained-release Ca-alginate beads of apigenin using sodium alginate, a natural polysaccharide. Six batches were prepared by applying the ionotropic gelation technique, wherein calcium chloride was used as a crosslinking agent. The beads were evaluated for particle size, drug loading, percentage yield, and in vitro drug release. Particle size was found to decrease, and drug entrapment efficiency was enhanced with an increase in the polymer concentration. The dissolution study showed sustained drug release from the apigenin-loaded alginate beads with an increase in the polymer proportion. Based on the dissolution profiles, BD6 formulation was optimized and characterized for FTIR, DSC, XRD, and SEM, results of which indicated successful development of apigenin-loaded Ca alginate beads. MTT assay demonstrated a potential anticancer effect against the breast cancer MCF-7 cell lines. The antimicrobial activity exhibited effective inhibition in the bacterial and fungal growth rate. The DPPH measurement revealed that the formulation had substantial antioxidant activity, with EC50 value slightly lowered compared to pure apigenin. A stability study demonstrated that the BD6 was stable with similar (f2) drug release profiles in harsh condition. In conclusion, alginate-based beads could be used for sustaining the drug release of poorly water-soluble apigenin while also improving in vitro antitumor, antimicrobial, and antioxidant activity. |
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| Keywords: | apigenin antimicrobial beads Ca-alginate DSC DPPH FTIR in vitro dissolution MTT SEM XRD |
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