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| 自然和人为因素对牧业发展的影响及对策——以永昌县新城子镇马营沟村为例 | |
| 引用本文： | 王建兵,张德罡,田青.自然和人为因素对牧业发展的影响及对策——以永昌县新城子镇马营沟村为例[J].草原与草坪,2013,33(1):54-58,64. |
| 作者姓名： | 王建兵 张德罡 田青 |
| 作者单位： | 1. 甘肃农业大学草业学院/草业生态系统教育部重点实验室/甘肃省草业工程实验室/中-美草地畜牧业可持续发展研究中心,甘肃兰州 730070;甘肃省社会科学院,甘肃兰州 730070 2. 甘肃农业大学草业学院/草业生态系统教育部重点实验室/甘肃省草业工程实验室/中-美草地畜牧业可持续发展研究中心,甘肃兰州,730070 3. 甘肃农业大学林学院,甘肃兰州,730070 |
| 基金项目： | 世界银行全球环境基金(GEF)项目(052456CHA-GS);国家社科基金项目(04xjy025)资助 |
| 摘 要： | 在半农半牧地区,草原资源家庭责任承包制的实施使土地被过分细分到户,导致草地的破碎化。研究表明:强化草原管理有利于以草定畜,严格控制牲畜饲养量,草地超载及代牧现象减少;畜种改良使得传统的草原放牧向半放牧半舍饲过渡,大牲畜的饲养量出现大幅度减少;草地破碎化使得草地退化以定居点和水源为中心,沿着牧道呈一定的梯度形成辐射状的区域性草地退化趋势。通过草地的联户承包,共同经营管理,促进了草畜平衡制度的顺利实施,一定程度上解决了草畜矛盾,减缓了草原生态恶化的趋势。 |
| 关 键 词： | 半农半牧区 自然和人为因素 治理对策 |
The impact of natural and human factors on the development of animal husbandry and strategies |
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| WANG Jian-bing , ZHANG De-gang , TIAN Qing.The impact of natural and human factors on the development of animal husbandry and strategies[J].Grassland and Turf,2013,33(1):54-58,64. | |
| Authors: | WANG Jian-bing ZHANG De-gang TIAN Qing |
| Institution: | 1(1.College of Pratacultural Science,Gansu Agricultural University/Key Laboratory of Grassland Ecosystem,Ministry of Education/Pratacultural Engineering Laboratory of Gansu Province/ Sino-U.S.Centers for Grazingland Ecosystem Sustainability,Lanzhou 730070,China; 2.Gansu Academy of Social Sciences,Lanzhou 730070,China) |
| Abstract: | The land in pastoral and agro-pastoral areas was divided into small pieces under grassland individual household contract system,which resulted in pasture fragmentation.The research result indicated that strengthening the grassland management was helpful for determining the livestock number and overgrazing control.The livestock bred improvement changed the traditional grazing system to grazing-pan feeding system and the livestock number was decreased greatly.The pasture showed a radial degradation pattern from settle point and water supply point under the pasture gragmentation situation.Through group household contract system,the livestock/forage balance was reached and the conflict between livestock and forage supply was released at a certain degree,and the grassland degradation tendency was reduced. |
| Keywords: | agro-pastoral area natural and human factors strategy |
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