Experimental airborne transmission of Streptococcus suis capsular type 2 in pigs. |
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| Authors: | F Berthelot-Hérault M Gottschalk A Labbé R Cariolet M Kobisch |
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| Institution: | 1. Agence Française de la Sécurité Sanitaire des Aliments, Laboratoire d’Études et de Recherches Avicoles et Porcines, Unité Mycoplamologie–Bactériologie, Zoopôle, B.P. 53, Les Croix, 22440 Ploufragan, France;2. Groupe de Recherche sur les Maladies Infectieuses du Porc, Faculté de Médecine Vétérinaire, Université de Montréal, 3200 Sicotte, St. Hyacinthe, Que., Canada J2S 7C6;1. Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of Adelaide, Women’s and Children’s Hospital, North Adelaide, South Australia 5006, Australia;2. US Food and Drug Administration, Center for Veterinary Medicine, Office of New Animal Drug Evaluation and Research, Rockville, MD 20855, USA;1. Departamento de Sanidad Animal, Universidad de Córdoba, Campus de Excelencia Internacional CeiA3, 14071 Córdoba, Spain;2. CICAP—Food Research Centre, Córdoba, Pozoblanco,14400, Spain;3. Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Universidad de Córdoba, Campus de Excelencia Internacional CeiA3, 14071 Córdoba, Spain;4. Technical University of Denmark, National Veterinary Institute, Lindholm, Denmark;1. Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China |
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| Abstract: | Experimental airborne transmission of Streptococcus suis type 2 was studied in specific pathogen free piglets. Forty piglets were allotted to five groups of eight 7-week-old animals and housed in three separated units. Negative control pigs (group 1) were housed in unit A and infected batches were housed in units B (group 2) and C (groups 4). In units B and C, non-inoculated groups (groups 3 and 5, respectively), 40 cm distant from the respective inoculated group and without any physical contact between them, also took place. Six animals of groups 2 and 4 were inoculated intravenously with 2 x 10(8) colony forming units (cfu) of a mild and a high virulent S. suis strains, respectively. The remaining animals in these groups and pigs from groups 1, 3, 5 received broth medium in the same way. Differences among virulence of S. suis capsular type 2 were observed in inoculated pigs of groups 2 and 4. Pigs from group 2 became carriers, showing only mild symptoms. By contrast, animals from group 4 presented an acute form of the disease. All the indirect contact pigs in groups 3 and 5 had S. suis in palatine tonsils from day 6 after the infection and they presented clinical manifestations similar to those observed in experimentally infected pigs. Two direct contact animals were also contaminated in the upper respiratory tract but surprisingly they did not show any symptoms. Airborne transmission of S. suis in experimentally pigs was demonstrated in the present study. Indirect infections, as described in this study, are a more realistic way to infect pigs than other experimental procedures and may be used to further study the pathogenesis of the infection caused by this important pathogen. |
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