| 蠋蝽对美国白蛾的捕食行为观察和捕食能力评价 |
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| 引用本文： | 陈沉,宋丽文,左彤彤,王悦,李硕,孙守慧.蠋蝽对美国白蛾的捕食行为观察和捕食能力评价[J].北京林业大学学报,2022,44(1):94-102. |
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| 作者姓名： | 陈沉 宋丽文 左彤彤 王悦 李硕 孙守慧 |
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| 作者单位： | 1.沈阳农业大学林学院，辽宁 沈阳 110161 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家重点研发计划（2018YFC1200400）；;国家自然科学基金项目（31370648）； |
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| 摘 要： | 目的 为明确蠋蝽对美国白蛾捕食的行为学特点，评价其捕食能力。 方法 本试验利用室内观察法结合HollingⅡ型圆盘方程拟合方法，研究了蠋蝽成虫和若虫对美国白蛾幼虫的捕食行为特点和捕食能力。 结果 蠋蝽取食美国白蛾幼虫表现为搜寻、刺探、等待和取食4种行为。不同虫龄组合在搜寻时长（P = 0.005）和取食时长（P = 0.002）上差异极显著。在蠋蝽虫龄一定的情况下，搜寻时长会随着美国白蛾幼虫虫龄的增加而减少，取食时长会随着美国白蛾幼虫虫龄的增加而增加。蠋蝽的口针从幼虫头部刺入的比率显著高于胸部和腹部（P = 0.001），推测有利于蠋蝽迅速控制和杀死幼虫。蠋蝽4、5龄若虫和成虫对美国白蛾3、4、5龄幼虫的捕食功能反应均符合HollingⅡ模型（0.011 4 ~ 0.198 1 < χ20.05 = 9.49），蠋蝽的捕食量会随着美国白蛾幼虫密度的增加而增加，搜寻效应会随着美国白蛾幼虫密度的升高而降低。蠋蝽成虫和5龄若虫对美国白蛾3龄幼虫的理论日最大捕食量均超过8头，蠋蝽对美国白蛾3龄幼虫的瞬间攻击率均高于4龄和5龄幼虫。蠋蝽林间套袋防治美国白蛾3龄幼虫试验结果显示:蠋蝽成虫捕食量（6.60 ± 0.40）头 > 蠋蝽5龄若虫捕食量（4.20 ± 0.58）头 > 蠋蝽4龄若虫捕食量（2.40 ± 0.25）头。 结论 本研究表明蠋蝽成虫与蠋蝽5龄若虫对美国白蛾幼虫具有较好的捕食能力，可作为一种生物防治手段适用于美国白蛾的防治。
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| 关 键 词： | 蠋蝽 美国白蛾 捕食行为 HollingⅡ型圆盘方程 捕食功能反应 |
| 收稿时间： | 2020-09-30 |
Observation of predation behavior and evaluation on predation capacity of Arma chinensis against Hyphantria cunea |
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| Chen Chen,Song Liwen,Zuo Tongtong,Wang Yue,Li Shuo,Sun Shouhui.Observation of predation behavior and evaluation on predation capacity of Arma chinensis against Hyphantria cunea[J].Journal of Beijing Forestry University,2022,44(1):94-102. |
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| Authors: | Chen Chen Song Liwen Zuo Tongtong Wang Yue Li Shuo Sun Shouhui |
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| Institution: | 1.College of Forestry, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110161, Liaoning, China2.Jilin Provincial Forestry Research Institute, Changchun 130033, Jilin, China |
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| Abstract: | Objective This paper aims to clarify the characteristics of predation behavior of Arma chinensis on Hyphantria cunea and evaluate the predation capacity of A. chinensis. Method The predation behavior and predation capacity of adult and nymph of A. chinensis to the larvae of H. cunea were studied by means of indoor observation combined with the method of HollingⅡ disc equation fitting. Result The process of predating could be divided into 4 kinds of behaviours: searching, piercing-sucking, waiting and feeding. The differences were extremely significant in searching time (P = 0.005) and piercing-sucking time (P = 0.002) among different groups. The searching time decreased with the increase of instar, and the feeding time increased with the increase of instar when the instar of A. chinensis was same. The ratio of A. chinensis piercing the stylet into the head of H. cunea larvae was significantly higher than thorax and abdomen (P = 0.001). We speculated that piercing into the head will be beneficial to controlling and killing larvae rapidly. The predatory functional response of 4th, 5th instar nymph and adult of A. chinensis to 3rd, 4th and 5th instar larvae of H. cunea was all agreed with the HollingⅡ disc equation (0.011 4?0.198 1 < χ20.05 = 9.49). The predation increased with the increase of prey density, and the searching effect decreased with the increase of prey density. The theoretical maximum daily predation of adult and 5th instar nymph of A. chinensis to 3rd instar larvae of H. cunea was all above 8 and the instantaneous attack rates of A. chinensis to 3rd instar larvae of H. cunea were all higher than 4th and 5th instar larvae. The predation of A. chinensis preying on 3rd larvae of H. cunea under bagging condition in forest after 7 days showed that: adult (6.60 ± 0.40) > 5th instar nymph (4.20 ± 0.58) > 4th instar nymph (2.40 ± 0.25). Conclusion The adult and 5th instar nymph of A. chinensis have better predation capacity on the larvae of H. cunea, which could be used as a means of biocontrol against H. cunea. |
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| Keywords: | Arma chinensis Hyphantria cunea predatory behavior HollingⅡdisc equation predatory functional response |
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