| 不同放牧方式对草地群落植物功能群组成和结构的影响 |
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| 引用本文： | 姜丽霞,田赟,刘新月,张克斌.不同放牧方式对草地群落植物功能群组成和结构的影响[J].北京林业大学学报,2022,44(1):77-86. |
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| 作者姓名： | 姜丽霞 田赟 刘新月 张克斌 |
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| 作者单位： | 1.北京林业大学水土保持学院，北京 100083 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家重点研发计划（2016YFC0500908）； |
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| 摘 要： | 目的]植物功能群及其多样性是维持群落结构复杂性和稳定性的基础,通过对不同放牧方式下植物功能群组成与结构的研究,深入了解呼伦贝尔草地生态系统植物功能群的构建、分布和环境适应机制,为草地生态系统群落演替方向的预测和永续经营提供科学依据.方法]本文以内蒙古呼伦贝尔市陈巴尔虎旗的家庭牧场为研究对象,分别对禁牧、休牧和常牧样...
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| 关 键 词： | 生活型功能群 水分生态型功能群 物种组成 综合优势比 物种多样性 |
| 收稿时间： | 2021-07-29 |
Effects of different grazing methods on the composition and structure of plant functional groups in grassland community |
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| Jiang Lixia,Tian Yun,Liu Xinyue,Zhang Kebin.Effects of different grazing methods on the composition and structure of plant functional groups in grassland community[J].Journal of Beijing Forestry University,2022,44(1):77-86. |
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| Authors: | Jiang Lixia Tian Yun Liu Xinyue Zhang Kebin |
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| Institution: | 1.School of Soil and Water Conservation, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China2.Key Laboratory of State Forestry and Grassland Administration on Soil and Water Conservation, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China3.Engineering Research Center of Forestry Ecological Engineering of Ministry of Education, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China |
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| Abstract: | Objective Plant functional groups (PFGs) and their diversity are crucial for maintaining the complexity and stability of communities. This study analyzed the composition and structure of PFGs under different grazing regimes, with the objectives to reveal the mechanisms underlying the assembly, distribution and adaptation of plant communities, and to provide insights into the prediction of community succession and sustainable management of grasslands. Method We conducted a community survey (species, plant number, height, density and biomass) under different grazing regimes (no grazing, seasonal grazing and continuous grazing) in the Chen Barag Banner, Hulunbuir, Inner Mongolia of northern China, and then analyzed the summed dominance ratio (SDR4) of PFGs based on life forms and ecotypes. Result A total of 35 plant species were recorded, belonging to 11 families, 5 life forms, and 3 water ecotypes, among which, Compositae had the most species, accounting for 25.7% of total abundance, followed by Gramineae, accounting for 20% of total abundance. The importance value of Carex duriuscula was the highest under continuous grazing, while Leymus chinensis was the most dominant species in no-grazing sample plots. Both Margalef richness index and Shannon-Wiener index were significantly higher in the seasonal-grazing sample plots than in continuous grazing and no-grazing sample plots. With regards to different life forms, annuals and biennials showed significantly higher SDR4 in continuous-grazing sample plot than in seasonal-grazing and no-grazing sample plots, whereas perennial bunch grasses showed relatively low SDR4 in continuous-grazing sample plots. With regard to ecotypes, most species were xerophytes, whose SDR4 increased with grazing intensity. In contrast, the SDR4 of mesophytes decreased with increasing grazing intensity. Conclusion In the grassland community of the study area, the species of perennial rooting stem grass functional groups are mesophytes, while the species of primary and biennial herb functional groups are mostly xerophytes. Compared with long-term grazing prohibition, rest grazing significantly improves the species diversity of grassland community, and promotes the functional groups of perennial grasses and mesophytes to gradually replace the functional groups of primary and biennial herbs and xerophytes. Therefore, the scientific rest grazing system is conducive to the protection of grassland plant diversity and the restoration of degraded ecosystem. |
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| Keywords: | life form functional group water ecotype functional group species composition summed dominance ratio species diversity |
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